Izinzuzo zokunxusa okukhanyayo kwamashubhu wensimbi engagqwali

Izinzuzo zokunxusa okukhanyayo kwamashubhu wensimbi engagqwali

Amashubhu wensimbi engagqwali ayizimboni ezibalulekile zezimboni ezisetshenziswa kabanzi ku-Petrochemical, zokwakha, ezenza imithi kanye nezimboni zokufaka ukudla. Ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza nokuphila isikhathi eside kwamashubhu wensimbi engenasici, ukuvezwa okukhanyayo sekuyinqubo ebalulekile yokwelashwa kokushisa. Ukunikezwa okugqamile akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa izakhiwo zemishini zamashubhu wensimbi engagqwali kepha futhi kuthuthukisa ukumelana nakho kokugqwala kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu. Lo mbhalo uzoxoxa ngezinzuzo zokuvezwa okukhanyayo kwamashubhu wensimbi engagqwali ngokuningiliziwe.

1. Ukuphikiswa okuthuthukile kokugqwala

Ngesikhathi senqubo yokwelashwa kwezinga lokushisa ephezulu, amashubhu wensimbi engagqwali afudunyezwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu (ngokuvamile ngenhla kwe-1050 ° C) bese aphola ngokushesha. Lokhu kuncibilikisa ngempumelelo ama-carbides nezinye izinto ezesabekayo ngensimbi engenasici, kuqinisekisa ukusatshalaliswa okufanayo kwalezi zinto ngaphakathi kwe-matrix, kwakha isakhiwo se-auntenitic esinamaholo. Lesi sakhiwo esifanayo sithuthukisa kakhulu ukumelana nokugqwala kwamashubhu wensimbi engagqwali, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezine-acid, i-alkali kanye nosawoti.

2. Izakhiwo ezithuthukisiwe zemishini

Izakhiwo zemishini zamashubhu wensimbi engagqwali zithuthukiswa kakhulu ngemuva kokuvela okukhanyayo. Ukushisa okushisa okuphezulu nenqubo esheshayo yokupholisa ukukhulula ngempumelelo izingcindezi zangaphakathi futhi kuhlaziye isakhiwo sokusanhlamvu, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise ubulukhuni namandla ento. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvezwa okugqamile kungasusa umsebenzi onzima ngokuqina, okwenza amashubhu wensimbi angenasici kube lula ukucubungula ngesikhathi sokucubungula okulandelayo.

3. Ukunwetshwa kokukhanya okungaphezulu komhlaba

Unhlangano okhanyayo wenziwa endaweni evikelayo (efana negesi ye-hydrogen noma i-ammonia ukubola igesi), evimbela ngempumelelo i-oxidation futhi igcina amashubhu wensimbi engenasici agqamile futhi acwebezelayo. Ikhwalithi ephezulu yamashubhu wensimbi engenasici ithuthukiswa kakhulu ngemuva kokuvela okukhanyayo, okuphumela ekubukekeni okubushelelezi kakhulu nokuhlanzekile. Le ndawo esezingeni eliphakeme ayikhulisanga kuphela ukukhalaza kobuhle kwamashubhu wensimbi engenasici kodwa futhi kunciphisa ukucubungula okulandelayo nokuhlanza izindleko.

4. Ukuqina okuthuthukile okucatshangelwe

Ngokuqeda ingcindezi eyinsalela ngaphakathi kwamashubhu wensimbi engagqwali, ukuvezwa okugqamile kakhulu kuthuthukisa ukuqina okubucayi kokuqukethwe. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ubukhulu obukhulu bokuqiniseka, njengamadivaysi ezokwelapha nezinsimbi zokunemba. Kulezi zinkambu, ngisho nezinguquko ezincane ezinobukhulu zingathinta ukusebenza okufanele kwemishini, okwenza ukuqina okuyisici.

I-5. Impilo Engeziwe Yenkonzo

Ngokuthuthukisa ukumelana nokukhulisa, izakhiwo zemishini, kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu yamashubhu wensimbi engagqwali, ukuvezwa okugqamile okuyisisekelo kunwebisa impilo yensiza. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzayo, amashubhu wensimbi engagqwali awenze anvealing aqhakazile angamelana kangcono nokugqwala kwemvelo kanye nokugqoka okwenziwe ngomshini, ukunciphisa imvamisa yokulungiswa nokubuyiselwa esikhundleni, ngaleyo ndlela kwehlise izindleko zokulungisa.

6. Izinzuzo zezemvelo

I-Anveling ekhanyayo nayo inezinzuzo ezibalulekile zemvelo. Izinqubo zokupheka zendabuko nezinqubo zokuphambanisa zikhiqiza amanani amakhulu angcolile wamakhemikhali kanye nemfucuza eqinile, kanti ukuvezwa okukhanyayo okwenziwe esimweni sokuvikela kukhiqiza cishe amanzi angcolile noma imfucuza, ukuhlangana nezidingo zanamuhla zemvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvezwa okugqamile kunganciphisa izinyathelo zokucubungula ezalandela, kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nemfucuza yezinsiza.

Ekuphetheni, ukunxusa okugqamile kwamashubhu wensimbi engagqwali kunikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile ekwenzeni ngcono ukumelana nokukhulisa, ukuthuthukisa ukugqama kwempahla, ukuthuthukisa ukugqama kobubanzi, ukuthuthukisa ukuqina kwezinsizakalo, nokunikeza izinzuzo zensizakalo. Ngentuthuko eqhubekayo yezobuchwepheshe kanye nokwanda kwezinkambu zohlelo lokusebenza, ukuvezwa okugqamile kuzodlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekwenziweni kwamashubhu wensimbi engagqwali.