Zochitika zamakono mu malonda achitsulo ndi zotsatira zawo zapadziko lonse lapansi
Makampani ogulitsa achitsulo akhala ndi gawo lovuta kwambiri kuzolowera zapadziko lonse lapansi, kupereka zinthu zofunika pamagetsi, zomanga, ndi kupanga zigawo. Pamene tikusunthira mchaka chomalizira cha 2024, njira zingapo zofunika kuchita zikuyambitsa mafakitalewa, onse payekha komanso padziko lonse lapansi. Izi zikuyendetsedwa ndi kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo, zotheka zokhazikika, komanso kusintha kwa mavuto azachuma, omwe palimodzi amawonetsa kuti ndalama zachuma komanso mafakitale amasintha.
1. Kufunafuna Mapaipi Opanda Chitsulo
Mapaipi osapanga dzimbiri, makamaka m'makampani monga mafuta ndi mpweya, upangiri wamankhwala, ndi mankhwalawa, pitilizani kuwona kufunikira kwake. Kuyang'ana kwambiri ndi zinthu zosagwirizana ndi chipolopolo ndikuyendetsa izi. Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimapereka mphamvu yanthawi yayitali komanso kukhazikika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosankha zofuna kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi yayitali.
Chitsanzo chimodzi cha izi ndikukula ku Middle East, komwe kumayiko ngati Saudi Arabia ndi UAE akukwera ndalama zambiri pakupanga mapangidwe. Malipoti aposachedwa akuwonetsa kukankha mizinda ya Smart ndi madandaulo am'madzi, zomwe zonse zimafuna mapaipi a chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.
2. Kupititsa patsogolo kwa ukadaulo
Njira yachitsulo imasinthira mwachangu ndikukhazikitsa matekinoloje apamwamba monga owotcha, kuyamwa kotenthetsera, ndi kusindikiza 3. Izi zopanga ndizothandiza opanga kupanga mapaipi ndi kuwongolera kwambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito bwino popanga ndalama zopangira.
Mwachitsanzo, kumayambiriro kwa makina opanga mapiko am'badwo cha 6 kwachulukitsa kumathamanga kuchokera ku mamita 6-7 pamphindi 12 mpaka mita. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka m'makalasi okwera kwambiri ngati kupanga magalimoto, pomwe kuthamanga ndi molondola ndizovuta.
Njira ina yofunika kwambiri yaukadaulo ndikukhazikitsidwa kwa makina owunikira digito omwe amathandizira opanga kuti athetse mawonekedwe amtundu wa matope munthawi yeniyeni, ndikuwonetsetsa kusasinthika ndikuchepetsa zolakwika.
3. Kukhazikika komanso kusintha kwa kupanga zobiriwira
Mafakitale a padziko lonse lapansi akupanikizika kwambiri kuti muchepetse mapazi awo a kaboni, ndipo makampani ogulitsa achitsulo ayi. Opanga ambiri achifwamba akulandila zitsulo zobiriwira, pogwiritsa ntchito njira zochepa zowonjezera mphamvu, ndikufufuza zinthu zina zopangira.
Mwachitsanzo, ku Europe. Makampani ngati arcermaritistal ndi tata chitsulo chokhazikika chazolowera pazitsulo zobiriwira, ndikupanga zolinga zopatsa mphamvu kuti muchepetse mpweya mpaka 30% pofika 2050.
Kuphatikiza apo, kupezeka kwa ma piperine a ku Eco-ochezeka kwambiri, omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mphamvu zochulukirapo, akulimbitsa izi. Mu mphamvu yosinthidwa, makamaka pakugwiritsa ntchito haidrojeni ngati mafuta, kufunikira kwa mapaipi okhazikika, owonongeratu. Ichi ndi chisonyezo chodziwikiratu cha kusintha kwapadziko lonse lapansi kwa mphamvu zokonzanso mphamvu.
4. Zovuta zamalonda zamalonda ndi maunyolo apadziko lonse lapansi
Ndondomeko zamalonda ndi misozi zikupitiliza kusokoneza msika wachitsulo, ndi maiko monga United States ndi China kukhazikitsa kamvekedwe ka mankhwala apadziko lonse. Posachedwa, Yehova adalengeza zisoti zatsopano pazinthu zina chitsulo, cholinga choteteza opanga zapakhomo kuchokera kumisonkhano yakunja. Kuyenda uku kulimbana ndi nkhawa za kuwononga kusokonezeka kwa maiko, makamaka kwa mayiko kumadalira zisoti zachitsulo.
Mosiyana ndi izi, msika waku Asia, wotsogozedwa ndi China ndi India, akupitilizabe kuwongolera, ndi India komwe kumayambira ngati amodzi mwa opanga zitsulo kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Kukula kofunikira kwa India mu zomangamanga, makamaka mu magawo a mafuta ndi magesi, akutsogolera pakufunikira kwa mapaipi achitsulo. Makampani apadziko lonse akukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi opanga aku India kuti akapeze misika yotulukayi.
5. Zolemba zapadziko lonse lapansi ndi zomwe zimawakhudza
Ntchito zomangamanga zazikulu, makamaka m'mayiko omwe akutukuka kumeneku, ndikuyendetsa ma bomba achitsulo. Lamba ndi ntchito yogwira ntchito (Briti), zomwe zikuwatsogolera China, ndi chitsanzo chachikulu. Monga gawo la chinthu choyambirira cha ma 100 izi, China chikuyika ndalama pomanga mapaipi, milatho, ndi misewu yodutsa ku Asia, Africa, ndi Europe, ndikukulitsa kwambiri kufukula kwapakati pa mapaipi achitsulo.
Ku Africa, mayiko ngati Nigeria ndi Egypt akuyika ndalama m'madzi ndi ntchito zamagetsi zomwe zimafunikira ziphuphu zambiri. Mofananamo, mayiko aku South American monga Brazil akukweza zomangamanga, kuphatikizaponso kukuthandizani chifukwa cha chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi chitsulo cha kaboni.
6. Zovuta mu malonda achitsulo
Ngakhale zili zabwino, msika wachitsulo umakumana ndi zovuta, makamaka malinga ndi ndalama zogwirizira ndi kuperewera kwa ntchito. Mitengo ya chitsulo, yoyendetsedwa ndi kusinthasintha mu mitengo ya oreta ndi mitengo ya malasha, ndiyosavuta kwa opanga. Kuphatikiza apo, kuperewera kwapadziko lonse kwa ogwira ntchito mwaluso ndi mainjiniya kumayambitsa kuchepa kwankhondo pazopangira zina.
7. Zochitika Zaposachedwa Zaposachedwa Zaposachedwa
Chitukuko chimodzi chodziwika bwino chimachokera ku gawo la mphamvu, pomwe makampani opanga mafuta ndi gasi awona kuyambiranso paziphuphu zachitsulo zam'maso zam'maso zam'maso zam'manja. Mu Seputembara 2024, chipolopolo ndi BP adalengeza ntchito zatsopano zakumpoto, zomwe zikuyembekezeka kugwiritsa ntchito matani mamiliyoni a matani achitsulo m'zaka zikubwerazi. Migwirizano iyi ndi ndalama zomwe zikukula m'magulu amphamvu ndi kufunikira kwa mapaipi apamwamba.
Kuphatikiza apo, malipoti aposachedwa ochokera ku World Steel Assoli akuwonetsa kuti kupanga kwachitsulo komwe kumayembekezeredwa ndikukula kwa 2% mu 20% mu 2024, kuyika koyamba kwa makampani. Kukula kumeneku kumayendetsedwa bwino chifukwa chofuna m'misika yotuluka, ndi Asia ndi Middle East kutsogolera mlandu.
Makampani ogulitsa zitsulo akusintha mwachangu, oyendetsedwa ndi zikuluzikulu muukadaulo, ntchito yokhazikika, komanso kukankhira kwapadziko lonse lapansi. Monga momwe zinthu zapadziko lonse lapansi zimakhalira ndi zochitika zapadziko lonse lapansi zikupitilirabe msika, opanga akuzolowera dziko lapansi lofunikira komanso lokhalitsa. Kaya kudzera mwa mitundu yaukadaulo, mayanjano otero, kapena kuzolowera miyezo yachilengedwe, makampani ogulitsa achitsulo amakonzedwa kuti akhale wosewera wamkulu pachuma chazaka zapadziko lonse lapansi akubwera.
