ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯂꯦꯁ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯂꯤꯡ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯠꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯤꯕꯅꯣ?

ꯊꯤꯟ-ꯋꯥꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯂꯦꯁ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯜ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯳꯰꯴ (꯰꯶ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯥꯔ.꯱꯹ꯅꯤ꯱꯰) ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯤꯇꯤꯛ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯂꯦꯁ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯂꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯋꯦꯜꯗ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯁꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯨꯡꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯨꯡꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯏ ( ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯠꯃꯦꯟꯇ )꯫ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯂꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯊꯗ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯈꯥꯌꯗꯣꯀꯏ: ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯂꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯂꯤꯡ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯩꯁꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯂꯤꯡ ꯐꯔꯅꯤꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯦꯁ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯂꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯂꯦꯁ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯜ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯂꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯟ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯂꯣꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯃꯤ, ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯋꯥꯏꯇꯦꯞ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ, ꯃꯉꯥꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯂꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ

ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯦꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯂꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯥꯔꯗ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯤ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ, ꯍꯥꯏ ꯄ꯭ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯣ ꯗꯤꯎ ꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇꯇꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯃꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯀꯃꯄꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯨꯡꯗꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯔꯅꯤꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯦꯛꯇꯤꯕ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯁꯨꯡꯗꯣꯛꯠꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯊꯥꯑꯣ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯦꯊꯗ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯐꯔꯅꯤꯆꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ 'muffle' ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯩꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ 'muffle' ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯤꯠꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯐꯔ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯂꯦꯁ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯜ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯂꯦꯁ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯜ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯟꯗꯅꯕꯥ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯂꯦꯁ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯜ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯂꯦꯁ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯜ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯂꯦꯁ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯜ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯉꯥꯜ ꯂꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯟ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯂꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯀꯤ ꯇꯞꯄꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯕꯣꯎꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯊꯤꯟ-ꯋꯥꯜꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯂꯦꯁ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯜ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ, ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖꯃꯦꯟꯇ, ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯁꯟ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ, ꯑꯀꯪꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯉꯥꯜ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯂꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯒꯨꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯃꯁ꯭ꯌꯥ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯀꯤ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯉꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯊꯤꯟ-ꯋꯥꯜ-ꯋꯥꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯂꯦꯁ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯜ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯂꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯉꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

1. ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯑꯦꯇꯃꯣꯁ꯭ꯐꯤꯌꯔꯒꯤ ꯏꯝꯄꯦꯛꯇ
ꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯦꯃꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯗꯤꯀꯃꯄꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯇꯃꯣꯁ꯭ꯐꯤꯌꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯦꯃꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯀꯃꯄꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯔꯤꯑꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ 800 ° Cꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ 2NH3 → 3H2 + N2 ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯦꯃꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯗꯤꯀꯃꯄꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯦꯇꯃꯣꯁ꯭ꯐꯤꯌꯥꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯋꯦꯜꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯍꯣꯏꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯃꯨꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

2. ꯐꯔꯅꯤꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ
ꯊꯣꯡ-ꯊꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯂꯦꯁ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯜ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯟꯅꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯅꯕꯥ, ꯃꯉꯥꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯂꯤꯡ ꯐꯔꯅꯤꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠꯇꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯈꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

3. ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ
ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯗ-ꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯏꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯃꯤꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯂꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯅꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯋꯦꯜꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯣꯑꯣꯔꯁꯦꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ, ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯃꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯛꯀꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯂꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ, 1080 °C ± 10 °C ꯈꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯖꯥꯔꯕ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯥꯏꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫

4. ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯦꯁ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ
ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯟꯗꯅꯕꯥ, ꯐꯔꯅꯤꯆꯔꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯦꯁ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯇꯤꯚ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯟ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ 20kbarꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

5. ꯐꯔꯅꯤꯆꯔꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯇꯔ ꯚꯦꯄꯣꯔ
ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯆꯦꯂꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯇꯃꯣꯁ꯭ꯐꯤꯌꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯤꯟ-ꯋꯥꯜ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯂꯦꯁ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯜ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯂꯤꯡ ꯃꯉꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯋꯥꯇꯔ ꯚꯦꯄꯣꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯃꯔꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯐꯔꯅꯤꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯐꯔꯅꯤꯆꯔꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯂꯦꯁ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯟ-ꯋꯥꯜ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯂꯦꯁ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯉꯥꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯊꯤꯟ-ꯋꯥꯜ-ꯋꯥꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯂꯦꯁ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯜ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯁꯟ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯇꯥ ꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯆꯪꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯞꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯒꯥ, ꯁꯦꯀꯣꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯂꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯍ꯭ꯌꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯥꯑꯣ ꯇꯦꯛ ​​(ꯁꯦꯀꯣ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯅꯔꯤ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯝ. ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯂꯤꯖꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯦꯗꯚꯥꯟꯁ ꯑꯣꯅꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯂꯤꯡ ꯐꯔꯅꯤꯆꯔ ꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ . ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯂꯦꯁ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯜ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯟ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯛꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫