Views: 0 Mutsari: Muhleri wa sayiti Ku kandziyisa nkarhi: 2022-03-31 Masungulo: Ndhawu
Ntshikelelo wale ndzeni lowu tshamaka wuri kona endzhaku ka ku hela ka welding xikan’we naku titimela hiku hetiseka swivuriwa welding residual stress. Welding residual stresses yi hlayiwa hi ndlela leyi landzelaka:
(1) Ntshikelelo wa ku hisa: Ku welda i endlelo ro kufumeta ni ku titimela loku nga ringaniki. Ntshikelelo lowu nga endzeni ka weldment wu vangiwa ngopfu hi ku hisa loku nga ringaniki na ku hambana ka mahiselo, leswi vuriwaka thermal stress, leswi tlhelaka swi tiviwa tani hi temperature stress.
(2) Ntshikelelo wa ku tikhoma: Ntshikelelo lowu vangiwaka ngopfu hi xivumbeko hi xoxe kumbe hi xisirhelelo xa le handle wu vuriwa ntshikelelo wa ku tikhoma.
(3) Ntshikelelo wa ku hundzuka ka xiphemu: Ntshikelelo lowu vangiwaka ngopfu hi ku cinca ka microstructure loku nga ringaniki eka ndhawu ya nhlangano lowu weldiweke wu vuriwa ntshikelelo wa ku hundzuka ka xiphemu, lowu tlhelaka wu tiviwa tanihi ntshikelelo wa microstructure.
(4) Ntshikelelo lowu hlanganisiweke lowu vangiwaka hi hayidirojeni: Ntshikelelo lowu vangiwaka ngopfu hi ku hlengeletiwa ka hayidirojeni leyi hangalakeke eka swihoxo swa microscopic wu vuriwa ntshikilelo lowu hlanganisiweke lowu vangiwaka hi hayidirojeni.
Exikarhi ka ntshikilelo lowu wa mune wa masalela, ntshikilelo wa ku hisa wu lawula. Hikokwalaho, kuya hi swivangelo swa ntshikelelo, swinga avanyisiwa hi swiyenge swimbirhi: thermal stress (temperature stress) na phase transformation stress (tissue stress).
Yi nga avanyisiwa hi ntshikilelo wa ndlela yin’we, ntshikilelo wa matlhelo mambirhi na ntshikilelo wa matlhelo manharhu .
(1) Ntshikelelo wa tlhelo rin’we: Ntshikelelo lowu nga kona eka tlhelo rin’we eka weldment wu vuriwa unidirectional stress, leyi tlhelaka yi tiviwa tanihi line stress. Xikombiso, ti butt welds ta maphepha ya welded na ntshikelelo lowu humesiwaka loko ku humelela ehenhla ka weldment.
(2) Ntshikelelo wa matlhelo mambirhi: Ntshikelelo lowu tirhaka eka matlhelo mambirhi lama nga na xivumbeko xo hlangana eka xiphemu xa weldment wu vuriwa bidirectional stress, leyi tlhelaka yi tiviwa tanihi ntshikilelo wa plane. Hi ntolovelo swihumelela eka swivumbeko leswi weldiweke swa ti plates tale xikarhi nati heavy plates letingana vukulu bya 15-20mm.
(3) Ntshikelelo wa matlhelo manharhu: ntshikilelo lowu tirhaka eka matlhelo manharhu lama nga perpendicular eka yin’wana eka weldment wu vuriwa ntshikilelo wa tindlela tinharhu, lowu tlhelaka wu tiviwa tanihi ntshikilelo wa vholumo. Hi xikombiso, ntshikilelo lowu nga eku hlanganeni ka weld ya butt ya welded thick plate na ti welds eka matlhelo manharhu perpendicular eka yin’wana na yin’wana.
Ku andzisiwa ka vholumo na ku hunguteka ka nsimbi loko yi hisiwa no titimela swi le ka matlhelo manharhu, kutani hi ku kongoma, ntshikilelo lowu saleke lowu endliwaka eka weldment minkarhi hinkwayo i ntshikilelo wa matlhelo manharhu. Kambe loko ntikelo wa ntshikilelo eka tlhelo rin’we kumbe mambirhi wu ri wutsongo swinene naswona wu nga honisiwa, wu nga tekiwa tanihi ntshikilelo wa matlhelo mambirhi kumbe ntshikilelo wa tlhelo rin’we, naswona leswi nga laha henhla i mhaka ya muxaka wa ntshikilelo lowu saleke wa ku welda.
Eka maendlelo ya vuhumelerisi bya tiphayiphi leti weldiweke, strip steel yifanele ku humesiwa, yi goveka, yivumbiwa naku welderiwa. Hakunene ku ta va ni ntshikilelo hi nkarhi wolowo. Leswaku ku kumiwa tiphayiphi leti weldiweke hi tifemesi leti nga ni matirhelo ya le henhla, ntshikilelo lowu wu fanele wu herisiwa. Hi nkarhi lowu fanaka, hi ku tekela enhlokweni ntshikilelo wa ntsengo wa nkarhi wo leha, swa laveka ku kuma ndlela leyi tirhaka kahle no hlayisa eneji. Hangao Tech (Michini ya Seko) . Single-tube energy-saving bright annealing induction heater machine a yi nge susi ntsena ntshikelelo lowu humesiwaka hi nkarhi wa endlelo ro vumba ra ti welded tubes, kambe yi tlhela yi va na swihlawulekisi swa ku hlayisa eneji na nsirhelelo wa mbango. Loko ku pimanyisiwa na switirhisiwa leswi fanaka, kutirhisiwa loku tirhaka ka eneji i 20%-30% wa le henhla. Endlelo ra ku famba-famba ka mati yo kufumela ri nga lemuka ku tlheriseriwa ka switirhisiwa swa mati na ku lawula hi ndlela leyinene ntsengo wa nkarhi wo leha.