Njengoba sonke sazi, amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali adinga ukuthathwa futhi aqhamuke ngaphambi kokushiya ifektri.
Kodwa-ke, kwesinye isikhathi kuhlangatshezwanga ukuthi abasebenzisi badinga ukuphinda balahlekelwe ngamapayipi. Ngokuqondene nepayipi elithintekayo, ukuncipha okunengqondo kufanele kube ukuqedela ukuphathwa okulimazayo kwalo lonke uhlelo lwamapayipi esizeni ngemuva kokuqedwa kokufakwa. Ngokuvamile, umenzi ngeke avunyelwe ukudicilela phansi ngepayipi, ngakho-ke yisiphi isizathu sokudinga umenzi ukuthi alahle ipayipi?
Yini eyenza ipayipi lensimbi elingagqwali?
Ngokwezinga elikhulayo lokuthuthuka kwezimboni ezweni lethu kanye nokuthuthuka okunamandla kwe-petrochemical, igesi yemvelo, imishini yezokwelapha, i-aerospace, izidingo zobunye ubuchwepheshe bezimboni, izidingo zobuchwepheshe be-stainless zensimbi zikhula futhi ziphakeme. Njengokuhlanzeka kwepayipi, abanye abasebenzisi badinga ukuthi kungabikho ukugqwala kwamahhala, izinhlayiya ezinkulu zothuli, isilayidi se-welding, grease nokunye ukungcola ngaphakathi.
Phakathi kwazo, ipayipi le-oksijini linezidingo eziqinile zokuhlanzeka. Iningi lamapayipi e-oksijini athutha umoya-mpilo onomoya obukhulu obukhulu kune-99.99%, ngokucindezela okukhulu nokugeleza okusheshayo. Uma ukuhlanzeka kwangaphakathi kwepayipi kungaqinisekisiwe, amanani wamafutha nama-ion wensimbi epayipini angaba oxidised futhi ashayisane ne-oksijini elihlanzekile eliphakeme, futhi izinhlansi ezikhiqizwa ngogesi zingabangela izingozi ezimbi.
Phakathi kwazo, enqubweni yokukhiqiza amapayipi anama-welded, inqubo yokulinganisa kwangaphakathi ingangezwa ukuthuthukisa ubushelelezi bodonga elingaphakathi lwepayipi le-welded, futhi banciphise ukugcwala kwensimbi, bese kunciphisa ukugqwala. I-Hanao Tech (Seko Tech (Seko Imishini) ineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20 yolwazi lwemboni I-Tube engenasici i-Tube Iniad Bead Beard Leveling , futhi iqoqe inani elikhulu ledatha yokukhiqiza namacala amakhasimende, afanele ngokuphelele ukwethenjwa.
Ngakho-ke, ngokuya ngezidingo zenqubo, ipayipi elisha lemishini lidinga ukusebenzisa indlela yokuhlanza amakhemikhali ukususa uwoyela nokunye ukungcola odongeni lwangaphakathi lwepayipi ngaphambi kokuba kuqale idivaysi. Ngasikhathi sinye, umphakeli nawo uzodingeka ukuthi ayekeli ngepayipi.
Yiziphi izinyathelo zokuhlanza nezihlanzayo zamaphayiphu wensimbi engagqwali i-oksijini?
Izinyathelo zokuhlanza zensimbi ezingenasisekelo zepayipi ezihlanzayo: Ukugeza amanzi
Ukugcwala kwamanzi Inhloso ukususa umlotha, silt, ama-oxides we-metal ancused kanye nokunye ukungcola okuxekethile epayipini.
Ukusula kwencwajana nokuhlanza: uthele ingxube yokuhlanza nokuhlanza esikhwameni sokuhlanza, uyingeze ngokwengeziwe, uyixube ngokulinganayo ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa, bese uyisula kaninginingi. Ngesikhathi sokuhlanza, ukuhlanzeka kwesixazululo sokuhlanza okuhlanza kufanele kubhekwe. Uma umbala wekhambi lokuhlanza elihlanza liba ngcolile, kufanele kukhishwe ikhambi elikhona lokuhlanza futhi isixazululo sokuhlanza kufanele senziwe kabusha. Inhloso ukususa zonke izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezifana namafutha, i-graphite, i-anti-bust epayipi, ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ingaphakathi lepayipi lihlanzekile ngesikhathi sokufakwa futhi lihlangabezana nezidingo zokusebenza kwemishini.
Ukugcwala kwamanzi Lapho amanzi evuthayo ephuma embhobho ahlanzekile, ukugcwala kwamanzi kungaphela. Inhloso yokugcwala kwamanzi ngemuva kokwehlisa ukukhipha izinsalela ezihlekisayo epayipini.
Umoya ocindezelwe (noma i-nitrogen) i-purge: Sebenzisa umoya ocindezelwe uwoyela (noma i-nitrogen) ukugeza, ukomisa ingaphakathi lepayipi, bese usonga ipayipi noma izingxenye ngendwangu ehlanzekile yokuqinisekisa ukuhlanzeka kwepayipi futhi kugweme ukungcoliswa kwesibili.
Indlela yensimbi engenasici iphupha indlela yokwamukela
Ukwelashwa okuhlanza amapayipi kuzosebenzisa i-solvent ehlekisayo echazwe ekwakhiweni nasekudinga ukwehla. Uma kungacaciswanga ekwakhiweni, kungadilizwa nge-carbon tetrachloride ukubheka ukuthi ngabe ukushukela kuyafaneleka yini.
Ukudicilela phansi ukufakwa kwepayipi kwensimbi engagqwali
Ngemuva kokuthi ipayipi lincishisiwe futhi lihlanzwa, izidingo ezilandelayo kufanele zihlangatshezwe:
1) Sebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet nge-wavelength ka-320-38nm ukubheka udonga olungaphakathi lwepayipi, futhi akufanele kube khona i-fluorescence yamafutha.
2) Sula udonga lwangaphakathi lwepayipi elihlanzekile nelomile lokuhlunga omhlophe, akufanele kube khona umkhondo wamafutha ephepheni.
3) Noma sebenzisa i-solvent ehlekisayo ukuthola ukuthi okuqukethwe kawoyela akudluli izidingo zeqembu elinikele.
4) Ezinye izinkomba zezobuchwepheshe ezifanele ezihlongozwe yiqembu elinikelwayo.
Inqubo yokuhlanza amakhemikhali nokuhlanza amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali ibeka amapayipi ezokwakha ama-oxygen pipeline ukuhlanza nokuhlanza amapayipi we-oxygen, futhi kuyisiqinisekiso esithembekile sokusebenza okuphephile futhi okusebenzayo kwamapayipi aphephile. Kuyafaneleka ukunakwa nokukhushulwa ngabakhiqizi be-stainless wensimbi.
