Ukubaluleka kokushisa ukwelashwa kwamapayipi ensimbi amakhulu

Izizathu eziphambili kungani Amapayipi ensimbi amakhulu adinga ukuthi ukwelashwa okushisa kufaka phakathi ukukhulisa amandla nobulukhuni, ukuthuthukisa ukumelana nokuqina, ukuthuthukisa ukucindezela kwangaphakathi, ukuthuthukisa ukucindezela kwangaphakathi, ukuthuthukisa i- hangao tech (seko) kukuthatha ngokubaluleka kokwelashwa kwamapayipi amakhulu.

(1) Thuthukisa amandla nobulukhuni

Ukwelashwa kokushisa ubuchwepheshe obungashintsha ukwakheka kwangaphakathi kwamapayipi ensimbi futhi bathuthukise ukwakheka kwangaphakathi kwezinto zensimbi ngokushisa, ukufakwa kwezinqubo zokupholisa. Kungenza izinto zokwenziwa kwamapayipi zikhabe ama-aucen, umfelomuni kanye neBainite, ngaleyo ndlela zithuthukisa kakhulu izakhiwo zayo zemishini, njengamandla, ukuqina, amandla okuqina kanye nokukhathala kwamandla amapayipi ensimbi.

Isibonelo, inqubo ecijisayo ishisa ipayipi lensimbi ngaphezulu kwezinga lokushisa elibucayi bese lilipholisa ngokushesha ukwakha isakhiwo esinzima futhi esilimele kakhulu, esithuthukisa kakhulu amandla nobulukhuni bepayipi lensimbi. Lokhu kusiza ipayipi ukuthi ligcine ukusebenza okuzinzile futhi kwandise impilo yalo yenkonzo lapho limelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu, izingcindezi eziphakeme kanye nezimo ezilonakalayo.

(2) Thuthukisa ukumelana kokugqoka nokumelana nokugqwala

Ukuphepha kwamapayipi kubalulekile lapho uhambisa imidiya ye-fluid, ikakhulukazi evuthayo, eqhuma, anobuthi futhi ayingozi. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kohlelo lwepayipi, ukusebenza kwalo kuhlobene kakhulu nokuvuselelwa okushisayo, ukunwebeka okushisayo nezinye izakhiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo. Nge-Heat Treatment Technology, lezi zakhiwo zingalungiselelwe, ukuze uhlelo lwepayipi lukwazi ukuzivumelanisa kangcono nemvelo yokushintsha izinga ngesikhathi somsebenzi, ngaleyo ndlela sithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokudluliselwa ohlelweni lwepayipi. Ngokulashwa kokushisa, ukucindezela okuseleyo okusalelayo kokuqukethwe kwamapayipi kungaqedwa, kunciphise ubungozi bokuguquguquka nokuqhekeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwelashwa kokushisa nakho kungathuthukisa ukumelana nokuqina kwezinto zokwakha futhi kuthuthukise ukumelana kwamapayipi kokuguguleka kwangaphandle kwemvelo, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphephile kohlelo lwepayipi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwelashwa kokushisa kungashintsha ukwakheka kwenhlangano yepayipi yensimbi futhi kwakha ungqimba oluphezulu ngobulukhuni obuphezulu kanye nokumelana okuphezulu, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokugqwala kwepayipi lensimbi. Isibonelo, ukujunza okungaphezulu kusebenzisa ukufudumeza kokufudumeza noma ukufudumeza kwelangabi ekushiseni ngokushesha futhi kuqede ingaphezulu lepayipi lensimbi ukuze wakhe ungqimba oluphezulu lwensimbi; I-Carburing kanye nokwelashwa kwe-nitriding kuthathwa njengekhabhoni noma i-nitrogen ebusweni bepayipi lensimbi emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ukwakha ungqimba oluqinile olubekiwe. Noma ungqimba lwe-nitrided ukuthuthukisa ukumelana nokugqokwa nokuphikiswa kokugqwala.

(3) Susa ukucindezelwa kwangaphakathi

Ngesikhathi sezinqubo zokukhiqiza nezocubungula, amapayipi ensimbi azokhiqiza izingcindezi zangaphakathi, ezingadala ukonakala, ukuqhekeka noma ukwehluleka kwamapayipi ensimbi ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa. Ukwelashwa kokushisa kungakuqeda ngempumelelo noma ukunciphisa lokhu kucindezela kwangaphakathi futhi kugcinwe ukuqina okubucayi kanye nokunemba kwemisipha yamapayipi ensimbi. Isibonelo, inqubo yokufaka i-annealing ikhipha ingcindezi yangaphakathi ngokushisa emazingeni okushisa athile bese uyipholisa kancane, yenza umfaniswano wesakhiwo kanye nokusebenza kwezinzile.

(4) Thuthukisa izakhiwo zemishini kanye nokucinga

Ukwelashwa kokushisa kungathuthukisa i-plasticity, ubulukhuni kanye nemithelela yezakhiwo zamapayipi ensimbi, ukuzenza mancane amathuba okuthi aphule lapho etholwa emithanjeni ephakeme nemithelela, futhi anwebe impilo yabo yenkonzo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amapayipi ensimbi aphathwe ukushisa anokuhleleka okungcono futhi kulula ukusika, ubuthayela kanye nefomu, kunciphisa ukucubungula ubunzima nezindleko. Isibonelo, ukwelashwa okukhohlisayo nokwelashwa okujwayelekile kungahlaziya okusanhlamvu, kuthuthukise izakhiwo zemishini, futhi ulungiselele isinyathelo esilandelayo.

Ngamafuphi, amapayipi adinga ukwelashwa okushisa ukwenza ngcono izakhiwo ezibonakalayo, akhuphule ukuphepha, futhi akhuthaze ukusebenza kohlelo lwamapayipi. Le nqubo iqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwamapayipi ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene eziyinkimbinkimbi, kuqinisekisa ukukhiqizwa kanye nokuphepha kwempilo, futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokudluliselwa kanye nokusebenza okuphelele kohlelo lwepayipi.