--quote okuva mu Demo21
Enkola ezimanyiddwa ennyo ez’okulongoosa ebbugumu mu ttanka za titanium ze zino kwe kukola ‘annealing’, okulongoosa ebbugumu n’okukkakkanya. Annealing kwe kuggyawo obulungi thermal stress, okulongoosa obuveera okukyukakyuka n’okwesigamizibwa kw’enkola, okusobola okufuna omulimu omulungi ogw’enjawulo. Okutwalira awamu, ebbugumu ly’okuzimba (annealing temperature) erya α alloy ne (α+β) aloy liteekebwa ku 120 ~ 200°C wansi w’ensonga y’enkyukakyuka ya (α+β) ->β phase; Enzijanjaba y’okukka n’okukkakkanya esinziira ku kunyogoga okw’amangu okw’oluwuzi lw’obuwunga okufuna austenite α ‘phase ne sub-stationary β phase. Olwo ekitundu ekitono (sub-stationary phase) ne kisaanuusibwa mu China nga kifuga ebbugumu n’okuziyiza ebbugumu, era entambula ya harmonic eyasaasaana ennyo ey’ekitundu eky’okubiri nga α phase oba eddagala lifunibwa, okusobola okutuukiriza ekigendererwa ky’okunyweza aloy.
nga omukugu . Steel Tube Mill Manufacturers , Hangao Tech (Seko Machinery) erina obumanyirivu bungi n’ebikwata ku payipu ez’enjawulo ez’ekyuma, nga titanium alloy payipu, payipu y’ekyuma 2205, 300 series steel pipe, duplex steel pipe, n’ebirala, naddala ku nkola y’okulongoosa ebbugumu erya bright annealing.
Enkola y’okulongoosa ebbugumu mu titanium tube esobola okusunsulwa bweti:
(1) Okujjanjaba n’okukaddiwa n’obudde: Okusobola okulongoosa obulungi amaanyi g’okunyigiriza, α titanium tube ne stable β titanium tube tebisobola kukolebwa kulongoosa mu bbugumu, annealing yokka mu kukola n’okukola. α+β titanium tubes ne metastable β titanium tubes nga zirina ekitundu ekitono ekya α phase zisobola okwongera okunyweza alloy okusinziira ku kukaddiwa obujjanjabi n’okukendeeza ku budde.
(2) Okumala okukola annealing: Ekigendererwa kwe kufuna obulungi ductility ennungi, okulongoosa enkola y’okufulumya n’okukola, era kya mugaso mu kuzaala n’okukola n’okulongoosa obwesigwa bw’ebikwata ku nsonga n’enkola.
(3) Ggyawo in-situ stress annealing: Ekigendererwa kwe kuggyawo oba okukendeeza ku situleesi ey’omunda ereetebwa mu nkola y’okufulumya. Weewale okukulukuta kw’eddagala ery’obutonde n’okukendeeza ku kukyukakyuka mu mbeera ezimu ez’obutonde ezivunda.
Okugatta ku ekyo, okusobola okulowooza obulungi ku byetaago eby’enjawulo eby’ekintu ekikolebwamu ekintu, payipu ya titanium ey’amakolero nayo esunsuddwamu ebitundu bibiri (bidirectional annealing), isothermal annealing, β heat treatment, deformation heat treatment and other metal material heat treatment process.
Titanium tubes zisinga kukozesebwa okukola aeroengine compressor components, nga ziddirirwa emizinga, cruise missiles n’ebizimbe by’ennyonyi eby’amaanyi. Mu myaka gya 1960 egy’omu makkati okutuuka ku nkomerero, titanium ne alloys byakozesebwa mu makolero okutwaliza awamu okukola obusannyalazo, chillers eri amabibiro g’amasannyalaze, ebyuma ebibugumya amasannyalaze eby’okulongoosa amafuta agatali malongoose n’okuggya omunnyo mu munnyo, n’ebyuma ebiziyiza obucaafu bw’empewo. Titanium ne alloys zifuuse ekintu ekisookerwako ekiziyiza okuzimba. Ng’oggyeeko okukola ebigimusa ebitereka haidrojeni n’ensengekera y’okujjukira enkula.
Titanium tubes zirina amaanyi amangi ag’okunyigiriza n’obunene obutono ennyo, omulimu omulungi ogw’ebyuma, obugumu n’okuziyiza okukulukuta birungi nnyo. Okugatta ku ekyo, omulimu gwa tekinologiya ow’okulongoosa payipu ya titanium mubi, okukola n’okulongoosa mu kusima kizibu, mu kulongoosa ebbugumu, kyangu okugaaya n’okunyiga haidrojeni nayitrojeni kaboni n’ebisigadde ebirala. Waliwo n’okuziyiza obubi okwambala, enkola enzibu ey’okufulumya n’ebirala ebibulamu. Wabula, nga omukozi wa payipu ezikola payipu z’amakolero ezigonjodde ebizibu eby’enjawulo eby’okufulumya bakasitoma okumala emyaka mingi, ku yintaneeti yaffe . Bright annealing induction heating furnace with protective atmosphere tunnel okusinga okugonjoola ensonga ezikwatagana.
Okukola titanium mu makolero kwakolebwa mpolampola mu 1948. Omuze gw’enkulaakulana y’amakolero g’ennyonyi gufuula amakolero ga Titanium okukula ku kigero kya wakati nga 8% buli mwaka. Mu kiseera kino, omugatte gw’ebintu ebifulumizibwa mu kukola payipu za titanium n’okulongoosa mu nsi yonna bituuse ku ttani ezisoba mu 40,000, nga kumpi ebika bya payipu ya titanium 30. Ebipipa bya titanium ebisinga okukozesebwa bye bino TI-6AL-4V(TC4),Ti-5al-2.5SN(TA7) ne titanium omulongoofu mu makolero (TA1, TA2 ne TA3).
