Views: 0 Mutsari: Muhleri wa sayiti Ku kandziyisa nkarhi: 2021-12-27 Masungulo: Ndhawu
Hi nkarhi wa welding machine process , xitirhisiwa xi hundza eka welding thermal process, metallurgical reaction, welding stress na deformation, leswi tisaka ku cinca eka xivumbeko xa ti khemikhali, xivumbeko xa metallographic, vukulu na xivumbeko, leswaku matirhelo ya weld ya tala ku hambana na nsimbi ya base, nkarhi wun’wana hambi kuri ku tsandzeka ku fikelela swilaveko swa matirhiselo. Eka tinsimbi to tala leti tirhaka kumbe tinsimbi leti nga pfurhiki, tindlela to hlawuleka to welda, to tanihi ku welda ka ti- electron beam kumbe ku welda hi laser, ti fanele ti tirhisiwa ku kuma ti- weld ta xiyimo xa le henhla. Loko switirhisiwa switsongo swi laveka naswona swi nga nonon’hwi ngopfu swilo leswi endlaka leswaku ku va ni weld ya kahle, ku ta antswa ku welda ka swilo leswi; Kuhambana na sweswo, xilaveko xa tindlela to rharhangana na to durha to welda, switirhisiwa swo hlawuleka swo welda na swipimelo swa maendlelo, swivula leswaku xitirhisiwa lexi xa weldability ayi kahle.
Loko hi tirhisa . Endlelo ro landzelerisa ra otomatiki ra ku welda ku humelerisa swikumiwa, hi fanele ku rhanga hi kambisisa ku welda ka switirhisiwa leswi tirhisiwaka ku kumisisa loko switirhisiwa swa xivumbeko leswi hlawuriweke, switirhisiwa swo welda, na tindlela to welda swi fanerile. Kuna tindlela totala to kambela weldability ya switirhisiwa, naswona ndlela yin’wana na yin’wana yinga hlamusela ntsena xiphemu xokarhi xa weldability. Hikwalaho, swa laveka ku endla swikambelo ku kumisisa hi ku hetiseka weldability. Ndlela ya xikambelo yi nga avanyisiwa hi muxaka wa xifaniso na muxaka wa xikambelo. Leyo sungula yi tekelela swihlawulekisi swa ku hisa ni ku titimela ka ku welda; Leswo hetelela swi kamberiwa kuya hi swiyimo swa xiviri swa welding. Nhlayo ya xikambelo ngopfu ngopfu iku kuma xivumbeko xa ti khemikhali, xivumbeko xa metallographic, swivumbeko swa michini, vukona kumbe ku pfumaleka ka swihoxo swa welding swa nsimbi yale hansi na nsimbi ya weld, naku kumisisa matirhelo ya mahiselo yale hansi, matirhelo ya mahiselo yale henhla, ku lwisana na ku bola na ku lwisana na ku pandzeka ka nhlangano lowu weldiweke.
1. Ndlela yo kambela leyi nga kongomangiki ya ku welda ka phurosese .
Tanihi leswi nkucetelo wa khaboni wu nga erivaleni swinene, nkucetelo wa swiaki swin’wana wu nga hundzuriwa wu va nkucetelo wa khaboni, hikwalaho khaboni leyi ringanaka yi tirhisiwa ku kambisisa ku welda ka kahle swinene.
Khaboni leyi ringanaka ya xibalo xa fomula ya nsimbi ya khaboni na nsimbi ya xivumbeko xa le hansi:
Loko ce<0.4%, plasticity ya nsimbi yiri kahle, mboyamelo wo nonoka awu vonaki, naswona weldability yiva kahle. Ehansi ka swiyimo swa xithekiniki swa welding hiku angarhela, ti welded joints ati nge pandzeki, kambe eka swiphemu swo tiya na leswikulu kumbe ku welda eka mahiselo yale hansi, preheating yifanele ku tekeriwa enhlokweni;
Loko CE yiri eka 0.4 kuya eka 0.6%, plasticity ya nsimbi ya hunguteka, ku nonoka ka yona ku tlakuka hakatsongotsongo, naswona weldability ayi kahle. Xitirhisiwa lexi xifanele ku hisiwa kahle loko xingase welda, naswona xi titimela hiku nonoka endzhaku ko welda leswaku kutava na ku pandzeka;
Loko CE> 0.6%, pulasitiki ya nsimbi yi nyanya ku biha. Ntshikelelo wo nonoka na mboyamelo wa ku pandzeka ka xirhami i wukulu, naswona weldability yi bihe ngopfu. Xitirhisiwa lexi xifanele ku hisiwa kuya eka mahiselo yale henhla, magoza ya xithekiniki kuva ya hunguta ntshikelelo wa welding naku sivela ku pandzeka swifanele ku tekiwa, naswona kuhisa kahle kufanele ku endliwa endzhaku ka ku welda.
Loko nhlayo ya khaboni leyi ringanaka leyi kumiwaka yi ri yikulu hi mbuyelo wa xibalo, mboyamelo wo nonon’hwa wa nsimbi leyi weldiweke wu va wukulu swinene, naswona ndhawu leyi khumbekaka hi ku hisa yi tala ku va ni ku pandzeka ka xirhami. Hikokwalaho, loko CE >0.5%, nsimbi yi olova ku yi tiya, naswona ku welda ku fanele ku hisiwa ku sivela ku pandzeka , tani hi leswi ku tiya ka plate na CE swi yaka swi andza, mahiselo ya preheating na wona ya fanele ku tlakuka hi ku ya hi sweswo.
2. Ndlela yo kambela hi ku kongoma ya weldabiliti ya phurosese .
Eka ndlela ya welding crack test, ti cracks leti endliwaka eka welded joint tinga avanyisiwa hi ti hot cracks, ti cold cracks, ti reheat cracks, stress corrosion, laminar tears, etc.
(1) Ndlela yo kambela ku pandzeka ka ku welda ka T-joint. Endlelo leri ritirhisiwa ngopfu ku kambela hot crack susceptibility ya carbon steel na low alloy steel fillet welds. Yi nga tlhela yi tirhisiwa ku kumisisa nkucetelo wa ti welding rods na ti welding parameters eka hot crack susceptibility.
(2) pressure plate butt welding ndlela yo kambela ku pandzeka. Endlelo leri ritirhisiwa ngopfu ku kambela hot crack sensitivity ya carbon steel, low alloy steel, austenitic stainless steel electrodes na ti welds. I ku nghenisa xiphemu xa xikambelo eka xitirhisiwa xa xikambelo xa FISCO, ku lulamisa vukulu bya xivandla xa groove swi na nkucetelo lowukulu eka ku tumbuluxiwa ka ku pandzeka. Hi ku tlakuka ka xivandla, ku va na ku twa ku vava lokukulu.
(3) Ndlela yo kambela ku pandzeka ka nhlangano wa butt yo tiya. Endlelo leri ritirhisiwa ngopfu ku pima ku pandzeka loku hisaka na ku pandzeka ka xirhami eka ndzhawu ya weld. Yi nga tlhela yi pima ku pandzeka ka xirhami eka ndhawu leyi khumbekaka hi ku hisa. Eka plate yale hansi, weld ya test yi cheriwa kuya hi ti parameters ta xiviri ta construction welding hinkarhi wa xikambelo. Yitirhisiwa ngopfu eka electrode arc welding. Endzhaku kaloko xiphemu xa xikambelo xi welderiwile, xi vekiwa eka mahiselo ya kamara kuringana 24 wa tiawara. Eka ku pandzeka, ku pandzeka na leswi nga riki swa xirhendzevutani hi ntolovelo swa kamberiwa, naswona swiphemu swimbirhi swa xikambelo swi welderiwa ehansi ka xiyimo xin’wana na xin’wana.
Ku kuma swivutiso swo tala mayelana na ku welda kumbe ku hisa switirhisiwa swa nsimbi eka . Laser welding pipe production line , ngopfu-ngopfu swivutiso mayelana na tiphayiphi leti weldiweke hi nsimbi leyi nga riki na swilo swo bola, hi kombela u tihlanganisa na Hangao Tech (Seko Machinery) ku kuma vuhlanganisi. Hi na ntokoto wo tlula 20 wa malembe eka ntirho wa . industrial stainless steel welded tiphayiphi switirhisiwa swo endla welding tube production line . Endzhaku ka nhluvukiso wo hlayanyana na ku hlanganisiwa, layini ya hina ya vuhumelerisi sweswi hi yona ntsena switirhisiwa eChina leswi nga hetisisaka maendlelo hinkwawo eka inthanete, ku katsa na: ku vumba ku welda, ku levela ka le ndzeni ka weld, xitshunxo xo tiya xa ku vonakala eka inthanete, ku pholisha, na swin’wana na swin’wana Loko u ri na swivutiso mayelana na switirhisiwa swo endla tiphayiphi leti weldiweke, hi kombela u ntshunxeka ku tihlanganisa na hina. Hi ta ku nyika ntlhantlho lowu heleleke ni lowu tshembekaka!