Views: 0 Mutsari: Muhleri wa sayiti Ku kandziyisa nkarhi: 2021-12-27 Masungulo: Ndhawu
Nkarhi lowu hundzeke, kuna swilo swa 4 leswi khumbaka matirhelo ya ku welda ka nsimbi, kukatsa na swilo swa swilo leswi vonakaka. Namuntlha, a hi languteni swilo swin’wana swinharhu.
2. Swilo swa phurosese .
Swilo swa maendlelo swikatsa ndlela ya welding, ti welding process parameters, welding sequence, preheating, post-heating na post-welding heat treatment. Ndlela yo welda leyi tirhisiwaka hi sisiteme ya automatic welding tracking yina nkucetelo lowukulu eka weldability, leswi ngopfu ngopfu swivonakaka eka swihlawulekisi swa xihlovo xa kuhisa xikan’we na swiyimo swa nsirhelelo.
Maendlelo yohambana hambana ya welding yana swihlovo swohambana swinene swaku hisa kuya hi matimba, energy density, na mahiselo yale henhla ya ku hisa. Tinsimbi leti weldiweke ehansi ka swihlovo swohambana hambana swa kuhisa tita kombisa matirhelo yohambana hambana ya welding. Xikombiso, matimba ya electroslag welding ya le henhla swinene, kambe energy density yile hansi swinene, mahiselo yale henhla ya ku hisa aya le henhla, ku hisa ka nonoka hinkarhi wa welding, naswona nkarhi wotshama wa mahiselo yale henhla wu lehe, leswi endlaka leswaku zone ya zone leyi khumbekaka hi ku hisa yiva coarse naswona ku tiya ka impact swihunguteka swinene. Swi fanele swi va leswi tolovelekeke. antswisa. Kuhambana na sweswo, tindlela tofana na electron beam welding na laser welding tina matimba yale hansi, kambe ti energy density yale henhla xikan’we naku hisa hiku hatlisa. Nkarhi wo tshama wa mahiselo yale henhla wu komile, ndzhawu leyi khumbekaka hi kuhisa yitsongo swinene, naswona akuri na khombo raku kula ka mavele.
Lulamisa ti parameter ta maendlelo ya welding, teka preheating, post-heating, multi-layer welding naku lawula mahiselo ya interlayer na swin’wana swipimelo swa maendlelo ku lulamisa naku lawula welding thermal cycle, hindlela yaleyo swi cinca weldability ya nsimbi. Loko ku tekiwa magoza yofana na preheating loko kungase tekiwa welding kumbe heat treatment endzhaku kaloko ku tekiwile welding, swa koteka hiku hetiseka ku kuma ti welded joints handle ka swihoxo swa crack na swilaveko swa matirhelo ya nhlengeletano.
Loko u lava ku endla tiphayiphi ta tiindasitiri ta nsimbi leyi nga riki na swilo swo vangama, ku hisiwa ka le ndzhaku ka weld ku bumabumeriwa ngopfu. Hikuva hambi leswi nsimbi yi endliweke hi ku hisa yi nga si vumbiwa, ntshikilelo wa swilo leswi swa ha tlakuka endzhaku ka nxaxamelo wa ku gombonyoka ni ku vumba. Hambiswiritano, ku hisa ka on-line endzhaku ka ku welda aswinga tiyisisi ntsena ku tsana ka moya xikan’we na moya wa gasi yo sirhelela, kambe switlhela swi antswisa khwalithi ya weld xikan’we naku engetela ku olova ka swilo. Loko ku hisa ka swilo ku ri ehenhla swinene, u nga ha anakanya hi . Hangao Tech (Seko Machinery) Muxaka wa ku hlayisa ku hisa Muchini wo vangama wa annealing wa . Ku hisa ka induction . Yina ndzhawu yotala yo hlayisa kuhisa kutlula annealing leyi tolovelekeke, leswinga nyikaka nsimbi ductility yo antswa xikan’we naku tiya ka tensile.
3. Swilo swa xivumbeko .
Ngopfu ngopfu swivula xivumbeko xa dizayini ya xivumbeko xa welded na swihlanganisi swa welded, kufana na nkucetelo wa xivumbeko xa xivumbeko, vukulu, vukulu, xivumbeko xa groove ya nhlangano, maendlelo ya weld na xivumbeko xa xiphemu xo tsemakanya, na swin’wana eka weldability. Nkucetelo wa yona wu kombisiwa ngopfu eka ku hundziseriwa ka ku hisa na xiyimo xa matimba. Ti plate thickness tohambana hambana, swivumbeko swohambana hambana swa joint kumbe swivumbeko swa groove swina swiletelo swohambana hambana swaku hundzisela kuhisa na rivilo ro hundzisela kuhisa, leswinga ta khumba tlhelo ra crystallization xikan’we naku kula ka mavele ya molten pool. Ku cinca ka xivumbeko, ku enta ka plate na layout ya welding seam, na swin’wana, swi veka ku tiya na ku pfaleriwa ka nhlonge, naswona swi khumba xiyimo xa ntshikelelo wa nhlonge. Poor crystalline morphology, stress concentration yo tika xikan’we na welding stress yotala i swiyimo swa xisekelo swaku endliwa ka welding cracks. Eka dizayini, ku hunguta ku tiya ka mahlangano, ku hunguta ku welda loku tsemakanyaka, na ku hunguta swilo swo hambana leswi vangaka ku hlangana ka ntshikilelo i magoza ya nkoka yo antswisa ku welda.
4. Swiyimo swa ku tirhisiwa .
Swivula mahiselo yo tirha, swiyimo swa ndzhwalo na xitirhisiwa xo tirha xa xivumbeko xa welded hi nkarhi wa ntirho. Ndhawu leyi yo tirhela eka yona na swiyimo swa matirhelo swi lava leswaku xivumbeko xa welded xi va na matirhelo lama fambelanaka. Xikombiso, swivumbeko leswi weldiweke leswi tirhaka eka mahiselo yale hansi swifanele kuva na brittle fracture resistance; Swivumbeko leswi tirhaka eka mahiselo yale henhla swifanele kuva na creep resistance; Swivumbeko leswi tirhaka ehansi ka mindzhwalo leyi cincanaka swina ku lwisana kahle na ku karhala; Ntirho eka acid, alkali kumbe salt media xigwitsirisi lexi welded xifanele kuva na high corrosion resistance xikan’we na swin’wana. Hi ku komisa, loko swiyimo swa matirhiselo swi ri swikulu, swilaveko swa khwalithi swa le henhla eka swihlanganisi leswi weldiweke, naswona swi nga ha endleka swi nga ha endleki ku tiyisisa ku welda ka switirhisiwa.