Wax soo saarka iyo adeegsiga fayadhowrka (fasalka fasalka) tuubbada birta ee birta ah
1. Falanqaynta dusha sare ee tuubbooyinka tuubbada birta ee birta ah
Labada qaabab ee elektaroonigga ah ee loo yaqaan 'Augerroscopy'. Dhex dhinaalka falanqaynta habka AES waa mid aad u yar, oo ka yaraan kara 20NM, doorka ugu horeeyana waa in la kala saaro walxaha. Falanqaynta habka 'XPS' waa qiyaastii 10μm, oo ku habboon in la caddeeyo kimistariga dabiiciga ah ee walxaha dusha sare ah.
AES iyo kuwa wax galka ah ee XPS ayaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu sameeyo scanner dusha sare ee dhulka iyo dhalaalaysa 316 saxan bir ah oo bir ah oo ay hawada u soo gaadhay. Waxaa la soo gabagabeeyey in wadarta guud ee ugu caansan ee falanqaynta dusha sare ee tuubbada birta ee birta birta ah ay tahay 15nm, iyo lakabka daaweynta ee la xiriira ayaa la muujiyay. Halabuurka, dhumucda iyo awooda la-dagaallanka xamuulka, iwm.
Marka loo eego qeexitaanka, bir-yar-yar ayaa leh koromium sare iyo nikkel sare, qaarna waxaa ku jira molybdenum (sida 316l00c17mo2), iwm, sida caadiga ah leh chromium, oo leh iska caabbinta suuxdinta wanaagsan. Iska caabbinta qaddarka ee natiijada astaamaha dayactirka ee lakabka ciribtirka hodanka ah, lakabka xaaraanku guud ahaan waa 3-5nm qaro weyn, ama sida qaro weyn oo ah 15 lakab oo moleekules. Lakabka naafada ayaa la soo saaray inta lagu gudajiro howsha oo dhan ee fal-celinta yareynta hawada ee hawo-mareenka, kaas oo chromium iyo birta ay hawada ku jiraan. Haddii lakabka naafada uu waxyeelleeyo, lakab cusub oo xaafad ah ayaa la soo saari doonaa dhaqso ama mabda'a unugga Galvanic si dhakhso ah ayaa loo soo saari doonaa. Taarikada birta ee birta ah ee birta ah ayaa la kulmi doona hudheelka qoto dheer iyo isku-darka walbahaarka. Iska caabbinta dhirta ee lakabka dhiska ayaa laxiriira biyaha ka kooban biyaha ee ku jira saxanka birta birta ah. Tusaale ahaan, koromomiyada sare, nikkel, iyo molybdenum waxay kordhin karaan farqiga u dhexeeya tamarta xidhiidhka ee lakabka naafada iyo iska caabbinta dhirta ee lakabka naafada. Waxay sidoo kale la xiriirtaa daaweynta dusha sare ee sagxadaha birta ee tuubooyinka birta ee birta ah iyo adeegsiga maandooriyaha hydrodynamic.
2. Xaaladda nabaad-guurka dusha sare ee tuubbada tuubbada birta ee birta
1. Lakabka daaweynta ee wasakhda leh ee saqafka birta aan la kaashanin ee sheyga CI-ka ee ay ku jirto CI waa mid aad u fudud in la baabi'iyo, sababtuna tahay suuxdinta sare ee CI-hawada. Lakabka daabacan ee lakabka dhiska ayaa si isdaba joog ah u xallinaya birta. Xaaladaha badan, lakabka lagu xaarayo ayaa kaliya lagu baabi'iyaa oo keliya aagga xaafadaha ee ?? bir bir aan la arkin. Saamaynta hantida leh waxay kuxirantahay jiilka godad fiican ama ilko. Etch-ka yar-yar ee loo yaqaan 'pimp-ka yar' oo aan si joogto ah ugu faafin dusha sare ee sheyga ceyriinka waxaa loo yaqaan 'crecice'. Heerka hudheelka ceyriska ah wuxuu kordhiyaa heerkulka kordhaya wuxuuna kordhiyaa iyadoo la kordhinayo feejignaanta sii kordheysa. Xalku waa in loo isticmaalo kaarboon-hoosaad yar oo yar ama kaarboonka yar yar oo bir ah (sida 316 litir 304 litir)
2. Intii lagu gudajiray wax soo saarka iyo alxamida ee loo yaqaan 'austenitic', lakabka dushiisa ee dushiisa ee dusha sare ee birta balaaran ayaa si fudud loo dhaawacay. Marka heerkulka kuleylka iyo xawaaraha kuleylka inta lagu jiro wax soo saarka iyo alxamida ay ku jiraan heerka heerkulka birta ee birta ah (qiyaastii 425-815 ° C) ee sheynadu waxay kuxirantahay cryomium-ka si ay u sameeyaan chromium-ka si loo sameeyo chromium crc r2-3c 6. Xaaladdan oo kale, heerka kala-goynta ee kaarboon ee lagu yaqaan 'Austsite' ayaa ka weyn tan koromium, iyo chromium-ka ma magdhabi karaan koromium-ka oo lumay koromium-ka xadka crysium ee xadka crystal carbiid. Sidaas darteed, waxa ku jira koromomium ee xadka hadhuudhka ee cryal-ka ayaa kordha xadka crystal hadhuudhka lagu falanqeeyo oo la yareeyo goorta ay la taabanayso abbaaraha etch sida ku jira sheyga, waxay u horseedi doontaa jahawareerka batariga micro-ga. Qabowgu waa kaliya dusha sare ee khudradda crystal, kaas oo si dhakhso leh u gala gudaha inuu sameeyo isku-darka dhexdhexaadka ah. Tuuqyada birta aad u jaban ayaa ka sii caansanaa alxanka korantada.
3. Xadgudubyada Cadaadiska Cadaadiska Cadaadiska: Waa saamaynta dhameystiran ee walbahaarka xogta xasaasiga ah iyo nabaad-guurka sababa dildilaaca iyo caloosha birta. Deegaanka dabiiciga ah ee keena cowubka conker-ka-goynta iyo burburka badanaa waa mid aad u adag. Kaliya maahan culeyska dhulka oo jilicsan, laakiin sidoo kale culeyska dhulka iyo walbahaarka gudaha ee sababa wax soo saarka, alxanka korantada ama ka daadanaya iyo xanaaq badan ee qalabka birta ah.
3. Xiriirka u dhexeeya daaweyn dusha sare iyo bir ah oo dibada ah iyo iska caabbinta qaddarka ee tuubbada tuubbada birta ee birta ah
Lakabyada dusha sare ee dusha sare ee dusha sare ee birta birta ah (aad u badan sida kiimikaad wasakhaysan, shiidi iyo profing) waxay leeyihiin lakabyo daaweyn wanaagsan, kuwaas oo leh iska caabbinta adag. Lakabyada dusha sare ee dusha sare iyo dibadda ayaa leh si xasaasi ah, oo waxaa jira cufnaan aad u yar, oo faa'iido u leh iska caabbinta dabacsan. In ka yar dhexdhexaadka dareeraha ah oo leh dusha sare ee dusha sare ayaa lagu hayaa tuubada, waxa ugu fiican ee ay tahay nadiifinta, gaar ahaan warshadaha dawooyinka.
1. Qulqulka elektaroonigga ah (shiidi koronto) dusha sare ee tuubbada hoose: dheecaanka kombuyutarka elektaroonigga ah waa foresoric acid, iwm. iyo hadda aad u badan tahay in lagu fuliyo kiimikada lagu xalliyo si loo xaliyo dhibaatada. Waqtigaan, dusha sare ee tuubbada tuubbada ayaa fulisa laba geedi socod oo dhan, taasi waa, is-beddelka iyo dhalaalida lakabka naufosa qaro weyn leh). Tani waa sababta oo ah heerka loogu talagalay dadka la saxaysto iyo wax-u-dhigida ee ku-takhalusida dhaqaalaha iyo dib-u-soo-nooleynta meel ka baxsan lakabka dusha sare waa kala duwan yahay, oo digaagga aodic ah dhalaalaysa. Sababo la xiriira xaaladaha kala duwan ee abuurka filimka iyo waxyaabaha ka soo horjeeda weelka dusha sare ee convex iyo qaybaha qumbaha ee dusha sare, iyo kala-baxa anaga, ururinta milixda birta ee aagga ariga ayaa sii kordhaya, samaynta sac ka safka sare ee dusha sare ee dusha sare. Farqiga u dhexeeya dhumucda filimka ee ku yaal isku-darka iyo qaybaha qumbaha ee lakabka sare ee lakabka sare, oo waqti gaaban oo lagu muujiyo himilada aasaasiga ah ee dhaqaalaha dibedda, oo ay ka badnaan karaan sildennes-ka sare .2-0.4. Iyo hoos udhaca noocan ah, biyaha komisium ee dusha sare ee tuubbada ayaa kordhay, iyo awoodda ka hortagga xasaasiga ah ee birta calafka ah ee birta aan sal lahayn ayaa la hagaajiyaa.
Sida loo xayiro tayada probilid waa inay la xiriirtaa si qarsoodi ah ee loo yaqaan 'lithium batteriga' brattrolyte ', qiimaha sare, heerkulka, heerkulka hadda, heerka korantada, iyo heerka daweynta dusha sare ee tuubbada. Ka gaabinta in la baro tikniyoolajiyaddan ayaa runtii baabi'in doonta faquuqa dusha sare ee tuubbada. Haddii habka elektaroonigga ahi uu yahay mid aad u heer ah, waxaa jiri doona waxyaabo badan oo convex ah iyo sagxado badan, iyo xitaa tuubbo kasta waa inay ku dallacaan ajuuro badan. Tayada dhabta ahi waa inay noqotaa farsamo oo kharashku aad u sarreeya.
2. shiidida iyo nadiifinta dusha sare ee tuubbada tuubada: shiidida iyo nadiifinta wareejinta iyo khadadka isbarbar socda. Halkan, qaadashada dhalada farsamada makaanaaninta tusaale ahaan, qalab farsamo-gal farsamo ahaan waa mid fudud, awood iyo discs discs iyo qalab adag oo adag iyo discs iyo discs discs, iyo wax adag oo shiidan. Dharka dharka disc iyo dharka ee ka samaysan dharka ciidda wanaagsan ee qafiif ah ayaa lagu nadiifiyaa dusha sare iyo gadaal ee dusha sare ee tuubbada marar badan, oo dhammeeyana waxay gaari kartaa Ra ≤ 0.2-0.4 m
Marka la barbar dhigo shiidka elektrolytic, shiidigista farsamoyaqaanka si weyn ayaa loo istcimaalaa sababta oo ah qalabkeeda fudud, waxa ku jira farsamo yar, oo la fahmi karo, kharash yar oo isticmaal ah, wax khasaare ahna uma dhaawacmo tuubada. Si kastaba ha noqotee, iska caabbinta dhirta ee lakabka dusha sare ee daabacaadda ayaa aad uga fiican korantada.
Cirka weyn ee tuubbada-qabowga-rolle-ka ah waa gobolka adag, taasi waa, in tusmada dhalidda aad u ballaaran, oo kuma haboona ololka iyo foorarka. Isaga oo si adag u hadlaya, ma buuxiso Heerka Warshadaha Qaranka, sidaa darteed si ay u istaagaan heerkulka (sumcadda) waa in la fuliyaa.
3. Foornada gaaska ee gaaska ee la ilaaliyo
Fooraska dhalaalaya ee dhalaalaya Gaaska la kala diray ee amnia waxaa loo isticmaalaa maadaama uumiga dayactirka iyo wareejinta biyaha qaboojinta biyaha qaboojinta. Tuubbooyinka lagu soo rogay habkaan daaweynta kuleylka uma baahna in la kala qaado oo la soo afjaro, taas oo hubisa in si hagaajinta lakabyada dusha sare ee dusha sare iyo dibedda ay ka horjoogsanayso sinnaanta tuubbada dusha sare ee dusha sare ee salka. Sababtoo ah qaladaadkan yar ee aan ka dhigi lahaa waxay ka dhigi doonaan tuubbada inay ka gaabiyaan qeexitaanka dusha sare ee tuubooyinka fayadhowrka deegaanka. Sidaa darteed, dooro jawi ilaalin ah oo iftiin leh foornada foornada. Hangao Tech's foornada daloolka gaaska ee gaaska leh Si buuxda u buuxiya baahiyahaaga, oo aan haysan oo keliya waxqabadka hawada sare, laakiin sidoo kale waxtarka sare iyo keydinta tamarta. Marka la barbar dhigo isla qalabkaas oo kale, waxay badbaadin kartaa ilaa 20% -30% isticmaalka tamarta.
