Deɛ ɛdi hɔ, Hangao TEHC (Seko Machinery) bɛkɔ so afa wo sɛ wobɛte ɔhaw ahorow a ebetumi aba bere a wɔreyɛ welding no ase na aboa wo ma woasiw ɔhaw ahorow a ɛtete saa ano na woadi ho dwuma.
03 Welding Hot Cracks (Crystallization mpaapaemu wɔ weld mu, nsu a ɛyɛ nwini mu mpaapaemu wɔ beae a ɔhyew ka ho) .
Sɛnea ɔhyew mu mpaapaemu te nka no gyina nnuru a ɛwɔ mu, nhyehyɛe ne sɛnea ɛyɛ adwuma no so titiriw. Ni yɛ mmerɛw sɛ wobɛyɛ low melting point compounds anaa eutectic a efĩ te sɛ S ne P. boron ne silicon a wɔbɛtetew mu no bɛma ɔhyew mu mpaapaemu aba.
Weld seam no yɛ mmerɛw sɛ wobɛyɛ coarse columnar crystal structure a ɛwɔ directionality a emu yɛ den, a ɛboa ma efĩ ne nneɛma a epira no mu paapae. Eyi hyɛ nsu a ɛyɛ nsu a ɛwɔ ntam a ɛkɔ so yɛ adwuma no ho nkuran na ɛma ɔhyew mu mpaapaemu no yɛ mmerɛw. Sɛ welding no nyɛ hyew pɛpɛɛpɛ a, ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobɛyɛ tensile stress kɛse na ama welding a ɛyɛ hyew no mu mpaapaemu aba.
Nneɛma a wɔde siw ano:
bi. Di efĩ a epira s ne kr.
b. Yɛ nsakrae wɔ nhyehyɛe a wɔde yɛ weld dade no mu. Dual-phase structure weld no wɔ mpaapaemu a ɛyɛ papa a ɛko tia. Delta phase a ɛwɔ weld no mu no betumi asiesie aburow no, ayi austenite a ɛwɔ fase biako no kwan, atew efĩ a epira a ɛtetew so wɔ aburow hye so no so, na delta fã no betumi apete kɛse S ne P betumi atew ntam ahoɔden so na ayɛ nhyehyɛe ama formation of intergranular liquid film.
c. Siesie weld metal alloy a ɛwɔ mu no. Sɛnea ɛfata ma Mn, C, ne N a ɛwɔ austenitic dade a ɛwɔ afã biako no mu no yɛ kɛse, na fa nneɛma nketenkete bi te sɛ cerium, pickaxe, ne tantalum (a ebetumi asiesie weld nhyehyɛe no na wɔatew aburow hye no ho), a ebetumi atew ɔhyew a ɛpaapae no nkate so.
d. Nneɛma a wɔde yɛ adwuma. Tew ɔhyew a ɛboro so a ɛwɔ ɔtare a ayow no mu no so na amma adum ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ den anhyehyɛ. Fa ɔhyew a wɔde hyɛ mu nketewa ne cross-section weld beads nketewa di dwuma. Bi Arc stabilizing device betumi aka ho wɔ welding mu de atew beae a molten pool no wɔ no so, ama welding tuo no adwumayɛ atu mpɔn, na ama welding no ayɛ papa.
Sɛ nhwɛso no, 25-20 austenitic dade taa yɛ nsu mu mpaapaemu. Ɛyɛ yie sɛ wɔbɛto efĩ a ɛwɔ mu ne aburoo kɛseɛ a ɛwɔ base material no mu ano hyeɛ, agye ahoɔden kɛseɛ density welding akwan, ɔhyew a ɛwɔ mu nketewa na ama nkwaa no ayɛ nwini.
04 Ntini a wɔde weld ayɛ a ɛyɛ embrittlement .
Ɛsɛ sɛ dade a ahoɔden wom a ɛyɛ den no hwɛ hu sɛ nkwaa a wɔde weld ayɛ no plasticity na asiw ɔhyew a ɛkɔ soro a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no ano; Ɛsɛ sɛ dade a ɛyɛ hyew a ɛba fam no nya ɔhyew a ɛba fam a ɛyɛ den yiye na amma nsu a ɛyɛ hyew a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no abubu.
05 Welding a wɔakyinkyim no kɛse .
Esiane sɛ ɔhyew a ɛkɔ fam ne ntrɛwmu nsusuwii kɛse nti, welding deformation no yɛ kɛse, na wobetumi de clamps adi dwuma de asiw deformation ano. Welding kwan a wɔfa so yɛ austenitic stainless steel ne welding nneɛma a wɔpaw:
Austenitic stainless steel betumi ayɛ weld denam argon tungsten arc welding (Tig), argon arc welding a ayɛ molten (MIG), plasma argon arc welding (Paw) ne nsu ase arc welding (SAW) so.
Austenitic stainless steel no wɔ welding current a ɛba fam esiane ne melting point a ɛba fam, ɔhyew a ɛba fam, ne anyinam ahoɔden a ɛko tia no kɛse nti. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde weld ne beads a ɛyɛ teateaa di dwuma de tew bere a wɔde tena ɔhyew mu kɛse so, siw carbide a ɛtɔ gu fam ano, ɛtew weld a ɛtwetwe no so, na ɛtew ɔhyew mu mpaapaemu ho nkate so.
Nneɛma a ɛwɔ welding nneɛma mu, titiriw Cr ne Ni alloying elements, korɔn sen nea ɛwɔ nnyinaso nneɛma mu no. Fa welding nneɛma a ferrite kakraa bi (4-12%) wom di dwuma na ama woatumi agyina mpaapaemu ano yiye (awɔw mu mpaapaemu, mpaapaemu a ɛyɛ hyew, adwennwen a ɛpaapae) adwumayɛ a weld no yɛ.
Sɛ wɔmma ferrite phase no kwan anaasɛ ɛrentumi nyɛ yiye wɔ weld no mu a, ɛsɛ sɛ welding ade no yɛ welding ade a ɛwɔ MO, MN ne alloy elements afoforo.
Ɛsɛ sɛ C, S, P, Si, ne NB a ɛwɔ welding ade no mu no sua sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ yiye. NB bɛma solidification mpaapaemu aba austenitic weld a ɛho tew no mu, nanso wobetumi akwati ferrite kakraa bi a ɛwɔ weld no mu no yiye.
Wɔ welding structures a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔma stabil anaasɛ stress-relieved akyi welding, NB-a ɛwɔ welding nneɛma na wɔtaa de di dwuma. Wɔde arc welding a ɛwɔ nsu ase no di dwuma de weld mfinimfini mprɛte no, na CR ne Ni a ɛrehyew no betumi ayɛ nea ɛka ho denam nsakrae a ɛba wɔ nsu a ɛtwetwe ne nneɛma a wɔde afrafra a ɛwɔ welding waya no mu no so;
Esiane sɛ ɛkɔ mu kɛse nti, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ yiye na amma mpaapaemu a ɛyɛ hyew no amma weld no mfinimfini ne corrosion resistance a ɛso tew wɔ beae a ɔhyew no aka no. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde wɔn adwene si welding wire a ɛyɛ tratraa a wɔbɛpaw ne welding heat a wɔde hyɛ mu ketewaa bi so. Ɛsɛ sɛ welding wire no yɛ SI, S, ne p.
Ɛnsɛ sɛ ferrite a ɛwɔ stainless steel weld a ɛko tia ɔhyew no mu no boro 5%. Wɔ austenitic stainless steel a Cr ne Ni a ɛwɔ mu no boro 20% no, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde MN a ɛkorɔn (6-8%) welding wire di dwuma, na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde alkaline anaa neutral flux di dwuma sɛ flux a wɔde besiw SI a wɔde bɛka weld no ho na ama ne krak ahoɔden no atu mpɔn.
Special flux ma austenitic stainless steel no nni SI a ɛkɔ soro kakraa bi pɛ, a ebetumi de aduru no akɔ weld no mu na atua aduru a ɛyera a ɛyɛ hyew no so ka de adi weld adwumayɛ ne nnuru a wɔde yɛ adwuma no ahwehwɛde ahorow ho dwuma.
