Hangao Tech (Injin Seko), wanda ke da kwarewa shekaru 20 a cikin ci gaba da samar da Bakin karfe masana'antu masu welded bututun kayan bututu , zai dauke ka ka fahimci yanayi daban-daban na weld mai zafi a lokacin waldication tsari da tasiri kan ingancin Weld.
Yankin fitila wanda ya shafa (haz) na walda ya bambanta da weld. Welding Seams za a iya gyara, sake sake fasalin walda ta hanyar sinadarin da aka mallake su don tabbatar da bukatun aikin. Koyaya, ba shi yiwuwa a daidaita wasan kwaikwayon na yankin mai zafi ta hanyar tsarin sunadarai. Matsala ce ta rarraba nama mara kyau wacce kawai ke faruwa a ƙarƙashin aikin hawan keke. Don Janar Hannun Tsarin, Hukumar Huɗu na Offictswements, kuma suna daɗaɗɗun yankin da za a yi la'akari da su, da kuma abubuwan juriya na abinci, da juriya na fata. Wannan ya yanke hukunci gwargwadon takamaiman bukatun amfani da tsarin walwal.
1. Hardening na waldi-da abin ya shafa
A halin da ya shafi yankin da abin da ya shafi zafi ya dogara da tsarin sunadarai da yanayin sanannun kayan da za a welded. Asalin shine don nuna kaddarorin ɓangaren ƙarfe na ƙarfe daban-daban. Gwajin wuya ya fi dacewa. Saboda haka, mafi girman wuya Hmax na yankin da aka saba amfani da shi-da ake amfani da shi (yawanci a cikin yankin fouse) ana amfani dashi don yin hukunci akan aikin da ya shafa. Ana iya amfani da shi don yin hasashen wajen hasashen yanayi, liyafar liyafar da crack juriya na yankin-da abin ya shafa. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an dauki Hmax of Haz a matsayin mahimmancin alama ga kimantawa. Yana buƙatar nuna cewa ko da a cikin ƙungiya guda, akwai wuya daban-daban. Wannan yana da alaƙa da tushe na carbon na ƙarfe na tushe, alloy abun ciki da yanayin sanyaya. Sabili da haka, ana bada shawara don amfani da ƙarfe wanda aka samar ta hanyar amintacce da mai ƙira na yau da kullun don walda don tabbatar da daidaitaccen inganci.
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Ofarshen yanki mai walƙiya sau da yawa ya zama babban dalilin fashewa da kuma gazawar da ke fama da haɗin gwiwa. Dangane da bayanan samarwa na yanzu da bayanan da aka samu ya hada da matattarar kwayar halitta, hukumar hichu, hancin harkar mulki, da kuma matsakaiciyar matsar da jadawalin.
1) m matsalar ci gaba. Saboda tasirin hawan keke, hatsi coarsening yana faruwa kusa da layin fushin da kuma rinjayi yankin da haɗin gwiwa hadin gwiwa. Tsarfin hatsi zai cutar da ƙarancin ƙwayar ƙarfe. Gabaɗaya magana, mafi girma irin hatsi, mafi girma zazzabi zazzabi.
2) Hazari da Ofige. A cikin tsufa ko kuma siga, carbing, carbides, nitries, mahadi na sarrafawa da sauran tsaka-tsaki na ƙwanƙwasawa za a precipitated a cikin manyan m bayani. Wadannan sabbin matakai masu yawa suna ƙara ƙarfin, taurin kai da kewayawa na ƙarfe ko allon. Wannan sabon abu ana kiranta Octritletletlitletlitletlitletlentletletlet.
3) Karshe. Ofishin gwiwar ya haifar da bayyanar da kuma yanayin da wuya a walda a waldi mai walda. Don amfani da ƙananan-carbon low-alloy high-ƙarfi stezel, tsarin tsarin waldic na Ma shi ne yadda aka haifar ta hanyar Ma-da-wuri, da kuma tsarin Midmanststatt na Maine. Amma ga sezali tare da mafi girma carbon abun ciki (gabaɗaya ≥0.2%), tsarin tsallake tsari shine tushen ta hanyar manyan Carbon Marbonensite.
4) Tsarin zafin rana na tsufa na haz. Ana buƙatar sarrafa tsarin waldi a cikin tsarin masana'antu, kamar kayan, shearing, sanyi, sanyi, sanyi, welding da sauran ƙarfin zafi. Tsarin cikin gida da nakasar filastik lalacewa ta hanyar waɗannan aiki suna da babban tasiri a kan Ofishin da aka kunna. Ofishin da ake amfani da shi ta hanyar waɗannan matakan sarrafawa ana kiranta ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta. Za'a iya raba yawan ƙwayoyin cuta mai zurfi cikin rikicin matsananciyar damuwa da kuma tsauraran ƙwayar cuta mai tsufa. Gabaɗaya magana, 'Blue Brownness ' yana cikin sabon abu na ƙwayar tsufa tsufa.
3. Tuughening na waldi da aka shafa
Welding Haz wani yanki ne da ba daidaituwa a tsari da aiki. Yankin fushin da kuma yanki mai sanyin gwiwa-grined musamman suna haifar da karuwa kuma yanki ne mai rauni yanki na duka welded haɗin gwiwa. Sabili da haka, ya zama dole don inganta ta da taurin welded ha. Dangane da bincike, ana iya amfani da hanyoyin guda biyu masu zuwa zuwa har zuwa haz.
1) iko da kungiyar. Low-alloy karfe ya kamata ka sarrafa abun ciki carbon, saboda tsarin abubuwan da aka sanya kayan abu shine tsarin karfafa tsarin carbon da yawa. A sakamakon haka, a karkashin yanayin sanyaya Welding, an rarraba shi tare da watsawa na watsawa, da ƙananan carbon Marbelensite a cikin tsarinta tare da mafi kyawun tauri. Abu na biyu, raba yanki na hatsi ya kamata a sarrafa shi gwargwadon iko.
2) Jiyya na toughening. Wasu nau'ikan mahimman tsari galibi suna amfani da aikin zafi na post-weld don inganta aikin haɗin gwiwa. Koyaya, wasu manyan da hadaddun tsarin dauko magani na zafi, wanda ya fi wahala a ainihin aiki. Saboda haka, madaidaicin zaɓi na shigar da zafin rana, ƙayyadadden tsari mai ma'ana, da kuma daidaitawa na preheating da kuma lokacin dayawa matakan haɓaka haɓaka ne.
Bugu da kari, akwai wasu hanyoyi don inganta ta da haushi daga wurin haz. Misali, lafiya-gasa kirtani ne mai sarrafawa don kara gyara hatsi gurasar, wanda zai kuma inganta ta tauri kayan. Wannan ya dogara da kayan abun ciki na ƙarfe na ƙarfe da kanta kuma yana da alaƙa da fasahar smelting.
Na huɗu, da taushi na walda-wanda ya shafa
Don metals ko allury sun karfafa gwiwa ta hanyar aikin sanyi ko magani mai zafi kafin waldi, ƙarfin ƙarfin vector zai faru a cikin yankin da ya shafi zafi. Mafi yawan hankula sune babban karfin gwiwa wanda aka ƙidaya da alluna tare da karfafa gwiwa, da kuma karfafa gwiwa ko kuma m ko karfin gwiwa wanda aka samar a fagen fama da zafi bayan waldi. A lokacin da walda an yi hudau da baƙin ƙarfe, da laushi na haz yana da alaƙa da yanayin zafi na kayan gindin abu kafin waldi. Researancin zafin jiki na zafin jiki na quenching kafin waldi na karfe na ƙarfe, mafi girma darajar karfafa, mafi mahimmancin karfafa ido zai faru. Yawancin adadin bayanan bincike masu amfani suna nuna cewa lokacin da hanyoyin waya daban-daban ana amfani da su, yanayin walƙiyar walkiya daban-daban a cikin A1-A3.
