Engeri y’okuweta (welding characteristics) ey’ekyuma ekitali kizimbulukuse ekya austenitic: okunyigirizibwa n’okunyigirizibwa mu buveera n’okunyigirizibwa mu kiseera ky’okuweta binene nnyo, naye enjatika ennyogovu tezitera kulabika. Tewali kitundu kya kuziyiza kuziyiza n’okukaza empeke mu kiyungo ekiweereddwa, kale amaanyi g’okusika aga weld gali waggulu.
Ebizibu ebikulu eby’ekyuma ekitali kizimbulukuse ekya austenitic: okukyukakyuka okunene okw’okuweta; Olw’engeri yaayo ey’ensalosalo z’empeke n’okuwuliziganya ku bucaafu obumu obw’okulondoola (S, P), kyangu okufulumya enjatika ez’ebbugumu.
Ebizibu bitaano ebikulu eby’okuweta n’engeri y’okulongoosaamu ekyuma ekitali kizimbulukuse ekya austenitic .
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Intergranular corrosion: Okusinziira ku ndowooza ya chromium depletion, chromium carbide etonnya ku nsalo z’empeke nga weld ne heat-affected zone zibuguma ku sensitization temperature zone ya 450-850°C, ekivaamu chromium-depleted grain boundaries, nga zino tezizikirira kuziyiza.
(1) Ebipimo bino wammanga bisobola okukozesebwa okukomya okukulukuta wakati w’omusono gwa weld n’ekitundu ky’ebbugumu ly’okuwuliziganya ku kintu ekigendererwa:
a. Kendeeza ku kaboni ali mu kyuma ekisookerwako ne welds, yongera ku stabilizing elements TI, NB n’ebintu ebirala ku base metal okusobola okukulembeza okutondebwa kwa MC okwewala okutondebwa kwa CR23C6.
b. Fuula weld okukola dual phase structure ya austenite ne ferrite entono. Bwe wabaawo omuwendo ogugere ogwa ferrite mu weld, empeke zisobola okulongoosebwa, ekitundu ky’empeke kisobola okwongerwako, era enkuba ya chromium carbide buli yuniti y’ekitundu kya ??ensalo y’empeke esobola okukendeezebwa. Chromium etabulwa nnyo mu ferrite. CR23C6 esinga kukolebwa mu ferrite awatali kuleeta nsalosalo z’empeke za austenite okuggwaamu mu chromium; Okusaasaana kwa ferrite wakati wa austenites kuyinza okuziyiza okukulukuta okuyita mu nsalosalo y’empeke okutuuka ku kusaasaana okw’omunda.
c. Fuga obudde bw’okubeera mu bbugumu ly’okumanyisa. Adjust the welding thermal cycle, shorten the residence time of 600～1000℃ as much as possible, choose a welding method with high energy density (such as plasma argon arc welding), select a smaller welding heat input, and pass argon on the back of the weld or use a copper pad Increase the cooling rate of the welded joint, reduce the arc starting and ending times to avoid repeated heating, and the contact surface with the Ekisannyalazo ekivunda mu kiseera ky’okuweta multilayer kisaana okuweta nga bwe kisoboka nga bwe kisoboka.
d. Oluvannyuma lw’okuweta, kola okulongoosa mu solution oba okutebenkeza annealing (850～900°C) n’okunyogoza empewo okufuula carbides charge out n’okwanguya okusaasaana kwa chromium).
(2) Okukulukuta kw’ebiyungo ebiweereddwa mu ngeri y’ekiso. Olw’ensonga eno, ebipimo bino wammanga eby’okuziyiza bisobola okukolebwa:
olw’obusobozi obw’amaanyi obw’okusaasaana kwa kaboni, kijja kwawula mu nsalosalo y’empeke okukola embeera ya supersaturated mu kiseera ky’okunyogoza, ate TI ne Nb bisigala mu kirisitaalo olw’obusobozi obutono obw’okusaasaana. Ekiyungo ekiweereddwa welded bwe kiddamu okubuguma mu bbugumu ly’okuwuliziganya, kaboni eya supersaturated ejja kutonnya mu ngeri ya CR23C6 wakati wa kirisitaalo.
omu. okukendeeza ku kaboni alimu. Ku kyuma ekitali kizimbulukuse ekirimu elementi ezitebenkeza, kaboni alimu tekirina kusukka 0.06%.
b. Kozesa enkola ensaamusaamu ey’okuweta. Londa ebbugumu ettono eriyingira mu welding okukendeeza ku budde bw'okubeera mu kitundu ekibuguma ennyo ku bbugumu erya waggulu, era weetegereze okwewala 'medium temperature sensitization' effect mu kiseera ky'enkola ya welding. Bwe wabaawo okuweta ku njuyi bbiri, weld mu kukwatagana n’ekintu ekivunda (corrosive medium) erina okuweerezebwa okusembayo (eno y’ensonga lwaki welding ey’omunda eya payipu za welded ennene-diameter obuwanvu zikolebwa oluvannyuma lw’okuweta ebweru). Bwe kiba tekisobola kuteekebwa mu nkola, okulaga welding ne weld shape birina okutereezebwa okwewala ekitundu ekibuguma ennyo nga kikwatagana n’ekintu ekivunda nate kiwunyiriza era ne kibuguma.
c. Okulongoosa ebbugumu oluvannyuma lw’okuweesa. Okukola eddagala oba okutebenkeza obujjanjabi oluvannyuma lw’okuweta.
2. Stress corrosion cracking .
Ebikolwa bino wammanga bisobola okukozesebwa okuziyiza enjatika z’okukulukuta kw’okunyigirizibwa obutabaawo:
a. Londa bulungi ebintu era otereeze bulungi ekirungo kya weld. High-purity chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steel, high silicon chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steel, ferritic-austenitic stainless steel, high-chromium ferritic stainless steel, etc. have good stress corrosion resistance, and the weld metal is austenitic It has good stress corrosion resistance in the structure of the dual-phase steel of stenite and ferrite.
b. Ggyawo oba okukendeeza ku situleesi esigaddewo. Kola okulongoosa ebbugumu oluvannyuma lw’okuweebwa situleesi, era okozese enkola z’ebyuma nga okusiimuula, okukuba amasasi n’okukuba ennyondo okukendeeza ku situleesi esigaddewo ku ngulu.
c. Enzimba ensaamusaamu dizayini. Okwewala okussa essira ku situleesi ennene.
3. Okuweta enjatika ez’ebbugumu (enjatika za crystallization mu welds, enjatika z’amazzi mu zone ekoseddwa ebbugumu)
Obuwulize bw’enjatika z’ebbugumu businga kusinziira ku butonde bw’eddagala, entegeka n’enkola y’ekintu. Ni kyangu okukola ebirungo ebisaanuuka wansi oba eutectic n’obucaafu nga S ne P. Okwawula boron ne silikoni kijja kutumbula enjatika z’ebbugumu. Weld nnyangu okukola ensengekera ya kirisitaalo enzirugavu ennyo nga erina obulagirizi obw’amaanyi, ekiyamba okwawula obucaafu n’ebintu eby’obulabe. Kino kitumbula okutondebwa kwa firimu y’amazzi ey’omu makkati egenda mu maaso era kitereeza okutegeera kw’enjatika z’ebbugumu. Singa welding tebuguma mu ngeri y’emu, kyangu okukola situleesi ennene ey’okusika n’okutumbula omulembe gw’enjatika ezibuguma.
Enkola eziziyiza:
a. Okufuga ennyo ebirimu mu bucaafu obw’obulabe s ne P.
b. Teekateeka ensengekera y’ekyuma kya weld. Ensengekera ya dual-phase weld erina enjatika ennungi. Ekitundu kya delta mu weld kisobola okulongoosa empeke, okumalawo obulagirizi bwa austenite ya phase emu, okukendeeza ku kwawula obucaafu obw’obulabe mu nsalosalo y’empeke, era ekitundu kya delta kisobola okusaanuuka ennyo S ne P kiyinza okukendeeza ku maanyi g’ensengekera n’okusengeka okutondebwa kwa firimu y’amazzi ag’amazzi agatali ga bulijjo.
c. Teekateeka ekirungo kya weld metal alloy. Mu ngeri esaanidde eyongera ku birimu Mn, C, ne N mu kyuma kya austenitic eky’omutendera gumu, era osseeko ebirungo ebitonotono nga cerium, pickaxe, ne tantalum (ebisobola okulongoosa ensengekera ya weld n’okulongoosa ensalosalo y’empeke), ekiyinza okukendeeza ku buwulize bw’enjatika z’ebbugumu.
d. Ebipimo by’enkola. Okukendeeza ku bbugumu erisukkiridde ery’ekidiba ekisaanuuse okuziyiza okutondebwa kwa kirisitaalo ez’empagi enzito. Kozesa obululu obutono obuyingiza ebbugumu n’obululu obutono obuyitibwa cross-section weld.
Okugeza, ekyuma kya austenitic 25-20 kitera okufuula enjatika ez’amazzi. Kisoboka okukomya ennyo obucaafu obulimu n’obunene bw’empeke y’ekintu ekikulu, okwettanira enkola za welding ez’amaanyi amangi, okuyingiza ebbugumu ettono n’okwongera ku kigero ky’okunyogoza kw’ebiyungo.
4. Okuzimba ebiyungo ebiweereddwa .
Ekyuma ekinyweza ebbugumu kisaana okukakasa obuveera bw’ebiyungo ebiweereddwa okuziyiza okuluka kw’ebbugumu eringi; Ebyuma ebikozesa ebbugumu eri wansi byetaagibwa okuba n’obugumu obulungi obw’ebbugumu eri wansi okuziyiza okumenya kw’ennyondo eziweweevu ezitazitowa nnyo.
5. Okukyusakyusa okunene okw’okuweta .
Olw’obutambuzi bw’ebbugumu obutono n’omugerageranyo gw’okugaziya omunene, okukyukakyuka kw’okuweta kunene, era ebikwaso bisobola okukozesebwa okuziyiza okukyukakyuka.
Bw’oba naawe olina ebizibu ebyo waggulu, osobola okwekenneenya ekintu ekyo ng’otunuulira enkola y’okuweta payipu. Oluvannyuma kola ebipimo ebikwatagana okugonjoola ekizibu okusinziira ku mbeera ekwatagana. Ng’oggyeeko ekirungo ekiri mu kintu kyennyini, ekibumbe, ensaasaanya y’ebisenge ebiwanvu, akasannyalazo k’okuweta, n’embiro z’okuweta (welding speed) ez’ekitundu kya payipu eziweweevu zijja kuba n’akakwate akamu ku mutindo gwa payipu eya welded. nga . Professional manufacturer of industrial welded pipe production equipment , Mwaniriziddwa okuwuliziganya n'ebizibu Hangao Tech . by'osanga mu kukola payipu za austenitic welded, era weesunga okulaba enkulaakulana naawe.
