Le nyati mamlɛtɔ me la, míeƒo nu tso nusiwo gbɔ wòtso ƒe akpa aɖewo kple mɔxexeɖedɔléle nu ƒe dzidzenuwo ŋu le gakpo si mexɔ dzo o ƒe pɔmpi ƒe gbagbãƒewo ŋu. Egbea la, míeyia edzi nɔa wo dometɔ mamlɛawo ŋuti nyatakakawo kpɔm.
6. Dodo .
Woyɔa akpa si nyrɔ ɖe gakpo si mexɔ dzo o ƒe pɔmpi si wotsɔ gakpo si mexɔ dzo o ƒe weld la ƒe nuwuwu be Arc Crater. Menye ɖeko Arc Crater la gbɔdzɔna vevie le weld ƒe ŋusẽ me le afima ko o, ke enaa arc crater cracks hã dona le ɖiƒoƒo ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ ta.
Nusiwo gbɔ wòtso: Susu vevitɔe nye be ɣeyiɣi si me wole akasa nu la le kpuie akpa; Tsi si le tsia dzi la lolo akpa ne wole agba tsɛwo ƒom.
Mɔxexe ɖe enu ƒe afɔɖeɖewo: Ne wotu elektrikŋusẽnamɔ̃ si wotsɔna ƒoa ka la, ele be elektrikŋusẽnamɔ̃a nanɔ ta si wotsɔ ƒoe la me hena ɣeyiɣi aɖe alo wòaƒu du le ʋuʋu me, eye emegbe wòakplɔe ayi akpa ɖeka be woatsi akasanu la ne wotsɔ ga yɔ ta si wofa la me vɔ; Ne tungsten argon arc welding la, ele be ɣeyiɣi si me woanɔ anyi la sɔ gbɔ eye wotsi akasanu la le weld la ƒe yɔyɔ vɔ megbe.
7. Stomata .
Ne wole pɔmpi siwo wotsɔ gakpo si mexɔ dzo o wɔ dzadzɛnyenye ŋudɔe la, gas si le ta si me woʋuʋu me la metena ɖe edzi ne esẽ o eye woyɔa do siwo wowɔ la be ʋuʋudediwo. Porosity nye welding defect si bɔ, si woate ŋu ama ɖe ememe porosity kple gotagome porosity le weld me. Stomata nye goglo, oval, nudzodzoewo ƒe nɔnɔme, abe aŋe ene eye wòle ʋeʋẽm. Menye ɖeko ʋuʋudediwo ƒe anyinɔnɔ akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe weld ƒe compactness dzi ko o, ke woaɖe weld ƒe akpa si wɔa dɔ nyuie hã dzi akpɔtɔ eye wòaɖe weld la ƒe mɔ̃ɖaŋununya dzi akpɔtɔ.
Nusiwo gbɔ wòtsona: Ami, gbeɖuɖɔ, tsidzadza kple ɖiƒoƒo bubuwo le dzadzɛnyenye ƒe gakpo si mexɔ dzo o ƒe pɔmpi si wotsɔ ga wɔe la ƒe gowo dzi kple aŋɔ; Elektrod la ƒe nutrenu nye tsidzadza le arc welding me eye wometsɔe ƒu gbe hafi wozãe o; Arc la didi akpa alo eƒe akpa aɖe le ƒoƒom, tsita takpɔkpɔ ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzia menyo nyuie o, ya gena ɖe ta si wotsɔ ƒo la me; Welding current la kɔkɔ akpa, electrode la zua dzĩ, nusi wotsɔ blae la dzea anyi kaba, eye ametakpɔnu ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzia buna; Dɔwɔwɔ ƒe mɔnu la mesɔ o, abe ARC nutsotso ƒe afɔɖeɖea le kabakaba akpa ene, ele bɔbɔe be woawɔ shrinkage cavity, eye arc striking action of the joint is not irtract, si le bɔbɔe be woawɔ stomata dense, kple bubuawo.
Mɔxexeɖedɔléle nu ƒe afɔɖeɖewo: Hafi nàtsɔe aƒoe la, ɖe ami, gbeɖuɖɔ, kple tsidzadza ɖa le 20-30mm me le groove la ƒe akpa eveawo; Tsɔ dzoxɔxɔ kple ɣeyiɣi si wogblɔ le Electrode ƒe mɔfiamegbalẽa me la do dzoe pɛpɛpɛ; Tia welding process parameters nyuie eye nàwɔ dɔ nyuie; Zã arc kpui alesi wòanya wɔe be woawɔ welding, ele be wild construction nanɔ windproof facilitis; Womeɖe mɔ ɖe elektrikŋusẽnamɔ̃ siwo mesɔ o ŋu o, abe welding core corrosion, coating cracking, peeling, excessive eccentricity, kple bubuawo ene.
8. Nusiwo wotsɔ de eme kple slag inclusions .
Nusiwo wotsɔ de emee nye nusiwo menye ga o kple oxide siwo susɔ ɖe weld ga si wowɔ to gaŋutinunya ƒe dɔwɔwɔwo me. Slag inclusions nye molten slag si gakpɔtɔ le weld la me. Woate ŋu ama gakpo si mexɔ dzo o si wotsɔ welded pipe slag inclusions me ɖe ƒomevi eve me: spot slag inclusions kple strip slag inclusions. Slag inclusion la gbɔdzɔa weld ƒe akpa si wɔa dɔ nyuie, si wɔnɛ be woɖea weld la ƒe mɔ̃ɖaŋununya dzi kpɔtɔna. Slag inclusions hã ate ŋu ahe nuteɖeamedzi ƒe ƒuƒoƒo vɛ, si ate ŋu agblẽ nu le welded structure ŋu bɔbɔe ne wotsɔe de eme. Nusiwo gbɔ wòtso: Interlayer slag la mele dzadzɛ le welding ƒe ɖoɖoa me o; Welding current la le sue akpa; Welding ƒe duƒuƒu le kabakaba akpa; Dɔwɔwɔa mesɔ le welding ƒe ɖoɖoa me o; Womewɔ ɖeka kple atike si wotsɔ wɔa nusi wotsɔ wɔa nu kple ga si wotsɔ wɔa gae la nyuie o;
Mɔxexeɖedɔléle nu ƒe afɔɖeɖewo: Tia elektrikŋusẽnamɔ̃ siwo ŋu slag ɖeɖeɖa ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie le; Ðe interlayer slag ɖa nyuie; Tia welding process parameters si sɔ; Trɔ asi le electrode angle kple transport mɔnu ŋu.
Ne èle tiatia aɖe tiam . Welded Pipe Production Line , àte ŋu abu eŋu be yeade PLC ɖoɖo si me nunya le la eme. Hangao Tech (Seko Machinery) Plc System mateŋu alé ŋku ɖe ewɔwɔ ŋuti nyatakakawo ŋu le ɣeyiɣi ŋutɔŋutɔ me ko o, ke aɖo nyatakakadzraɖoƒe hã be woatsɔ adzra welded pipes ƒe wɔwɔme ƒe ɖoɖo vovovowo ɖo, ale be nuwɔwɔ ƒe ɖoɖoa nate ŋu akpɔ nyatakakadzraɖoƒea ƒe nuŋlɔɖiwo ɣesiaɣi.
9. Dzo to .
Le welding ƒe ɖoɖoa me la, ga si wotsɔ ƒoe la sina tsoa ʋuƒoa ƒe megbe, eye woyɔa aŋɔ si wotsɔ gakpo si mexɔ dzo o la ƒe do si me woɖea do le la be dzobibi. Dzobibi nye nusiwo gblẽna le arc welding ŋu zi geɖe la dometɔ ɖeka.
Nusiwo gbɔ wòtso: welding current gã, blewu welding duƒuƒu, dzoxɔxɔ si gbɔ eme le welded pɔmpi; Groove ƒe dometsotso gã, si le sue akpa blunt nugbɔ; Welder ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe aɖaŋu gbegblẽwo, kple bubuawo.
Mɔxexeɖedɔléle nu ƒe afɔɖeɖewo: Tia welding process parameters siwo sɔ kple groove ƒe lolome si sɔ; Na welder la ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe ŋutetewo, kple bubuawo nanyo ɖe edzi.
10. gbagbãƒewo .
Woate ŋu ama pɔmpi siwo wotsɔ gakpo si mexɔ dzo o siwo wotsɔ ga wɔe ƒe gbagbãƒewo me ɖe gbagbãƒe fafɛwo me, eye woagado dzo ɖe wo me ake le dzoxɔxɔ kple ɣeyiɣi si wodzɔ nu; Woate ŋu ama wo ɖe gbagbãƒe didiwo, gbagbãƒe siwo le ŋgɔgbe, ke ƒe gbagbãwo, arc crater cracks, fusion line cracks kple dzoxɔxɔ-affected zone cracks, etc. gbagbãƒewo nye afɔku gãtɔ kekeake le xɔtunu siwo wotsɔ ga wɔe me, si menye ɖeko wòana woaɖe nusiwo wowɔ la ɖa, ke ate ŋu ahe afɔku gãwo gɔ̃ hã vɛ.
(1) Hot crack .
Le welding ƒe ɖoɖoa me la, woyɔa welding cracks si welding seam kple ga si le dzoxɔxɔ ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ƒe nuto me ƒe fafa va ɖoa dzoxɔxɔ gã ƒe didime si te ɖe Solidus Line ŋu be hot cracks. Enye afɔku ƒe welding ƒe gbɔdzɔgbɔdzɔ si womeɖe mɔ na be wòanɔ anyi o. Le mɔ̃a ƒe nya nu la, dzoxɔxɔ ƒe didime kple nɔnɔme si le welded pipe thermal cracks me la, woate ŋu ama dzoxɔxɔ ƒe gbagbãƒewo ɖe kristalo ƒe gbagbãƒewo, dzoxɔxɔ gã me tsi ƒe gbagbãƒewo kple dzoxɔxɔ gã ƒe ʋuʋudedi siwo me ʋuʋudedi le.
Nusi gbɔ wòtso: Susu vevitɔe nye be low melting point eutectic kple ɖiƒoƒo siwo le molten pool metal me la wɔa intragranular kple intergranular ƒe vovototodedeameme vevie le kristalowɔwɔ ƒe ɖoɖoa me, eye le ɣeyiɣi ma ke me la, le welding stress ƒe dɔwɔwɔ te. Wohea nukuwo ƒe liƒowo ɖe wo nɔewo ŋu, si wɔnɛ be wowɔa ʋuʋudedi dzodzoewo. Zi geɖe la, ʋuʋudedi dzodzoewo dzɔna le Austenitic gakpo si mexɔ dzo o, nickel alloy kple aluminum alloy me. Zi geɖe la, gakpo siwo me carbon mesɔ gbɔ ɖo o wɔwɔ mele bɔbɔe be woawɔ o le welding me o, gake ne ga si le gakpoa me le dzidzim ɖe edzi la, dzoxɔxɔ si le eme hã dzina ɖe edzi. Mɔxexeɖedɔléle nu ƒe afɔɖeɖewo: Kpɔ ɖiƒoƒo siwo gblẽa nu le ame ŋu abe sulfur kple phosphorus ene ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ dzi vevie le gakpo siwo mexɔ dzo o siwo wotsɔ ga wɔe kple nusiwo wotsɔ wɔa woe me, ɖea ʋuʋudedi dzodzoewo ƒe seselelãme dzi kpɔtɔna; Trɔ asi le atike siwo le weld ga la me ŋu, ana weld ƒe wɔwɔme nanyo ɖe edzi, woaɖɔ nukua ɖo, ana plasticity nanyo ɖe edzi, aɖe vovototodedeameme ƒe sesẽme dzi akpɔtɔ alo akaka; Zã alkaline welding nuawo nàtsɔ aɖe ɖiƒoƒo siwo le weld la me dzi akpɔtɔ eye nàna vovototodedeameme ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ nanyo ɖe edzi; Tia welding process parameters siwo sɔ, dzi weld forming factor la ɖe edzi nyuie, eye nàxɔ multi-layer kple multi-pass welding mɔnu; Zã kplɔ̃ si dzi wotsɔ ga ɖo la ke, alo nàtsi akasanu la vivivi, eye nàkɔ akasanu ƒe do la me be dzoxɔxɔ ƒe gbagbãƒewo nagage ɖe akasanu la me o.
(2) vuvɔŋɔli ƒe gbagbãƒewo .
Woyɔa gbagbãƒe siwo dona ne wofa ƒunukpeƒe si wotsɔ ga ƒo ƒui la ɖe dzoxɔxɔ si bɔbɔ wu (na gakpo si le M. te wu M.) dzi be gbagbãƒe fafɛwo. Vuvɔwo ate ŋu adze le wo ƒoƒo vɔ megbe teti, alo ate ŋu axɔ ɣeyiɣi aɖe (gaƒoƒo, ŋkeke alo ɣeyiɣi didi wu gɔ̃ hã) hafi wòadze. Wogayɔa gbagbãƒe sia ƒomevi be crack si wohe ɖe megbe. Afɔku gã aɖe.
Nusiwo gbɔ wòtso: wɔwɔme sesẽ si martensite ƒe tɔtrɔ wɔ, welding residual stress si mɔxexeɖenu gbogbo la wɔ, kple hydrogen si susɔ ɖe weld me lae nye nu vevi etɔ̃ siwo hea vuvɔ ƒe gbagbã vɛ.
Mɔxexeɖedɔléle nu ƒe afɔɖeɖewo: Tia nusiwo wotsɔ wɔa xɔtunu siwo me tsi mele o, eye nàɖa wo wòasɔ ɖe mɔfiameawo nu hafi nàzãe; Ɖe ami kple tsi si le weldments la dzi hafi nàtsɔ awɔ aŋɔe, eye nàɖe hydrogen si le weld la me dzi akpɔtɔ; Tia welding process parameters siwo sɔ kple dzoxɔxɔ ƒe nyawo be nàɖe weld seam ƒe sesẽ ƒe nɔnɔme dzi akpɔtɔ; Wowɔa haidrodzin ɖeɖeɖa ƒe atikewɔwɔa le welding megbe teti be wòana haidrodzin la nasi le welded joint la nu; Le gakpo si mexɔ dzo o si wotsɔ ga wɔe si ƒe nɔnɔme sesẽna ŋutɔ gome la, dzoxɔxɔ do ŋgɔ hafi woatsɔe awɔ ƒoƒoe kple dzoxɔxɔ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ le ɣeyiɣi si sɔ me le ƒoƒo vɔ megbe ate ŋu ana ƒunukpeƒea ƒe wɔwɔme kple eƒe nyonyome nanyo ɖe edzi. Dᴐwᴐwᴐ; Wɔ mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe afɔɖeɖe vovovowo be woatsɔ aɖe welding stress dzi akpɔtɔ.
(3) Gbugbɔ do dzo ɖe gbagbãƒewo .
Ne wotsɔ ga ƒoe vɔ la, wogbugbɔa dzo si wotsɔ gakpo si mexɔ dzo o si wotsɔ ga wɔe la doa dzoe le dzoxɔxɔ ƒe didime aɖe me (nuteɖeamedzi ƒe dzoxɔxɔ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ alo dzoxɔxɔ bubu ƒe mɔnu) eye woyɔa gbagbãƒeawo be dzobibi ƒe gbagbãƒewo.
Nusiwo gbɔ wòtsona: Zi geɖe la, dzo gaɖoa wo me ƒe gbagbãƒewo dzɔna le gakpo siwo ƒe ŋusẽ lolo ŋutɔ, gakpo siwo te ŋu nɔa te ɖe dzoxɔxɔ nu kple gakpo siwo mexɔ dzo o siwo me vanadium, chromium, molybdenum, boron kple nu bubu siwo wotsɔ wɔa nu ɖe wo nɔewo ŋu le la me. Le dzoxɔxɔ ƒe dzoxɔxɔ ƒe tsatsam megbe la, wodoa dzo na wo yia teƒe si woate ŋu ase nu gɔme le (550 ~650°C). gbagbãƒe akpa gãtɔ dzɔ tso teƒe si dzoxɔxɔ le abe dzoxɔxɔ ene ƒe akpa si le gbadzaa la me. Heat ƒe gbagbã akpa gãtɔ dzɔna le gakpo si mexɔ dzo o si wotsɔ ga wɔe kple nuteɖeamedzi ƒe ƒuƒoƒo me, eye dzoxɔxɔ gbugbɔgadzɔ dzɔna ɣeaɖewoɣi le ƒuƒoƒo geɖe ƒe welding me.
Mɔxexeɖedɔléle nu ƒe afɔɖeɖewo: Le gɔmeɖose si nye be woaɖo aɖaŋua ƒe nudidiwo gbɔ la, tia nusiwo ŋu ŋusẽ mele o siwo wotsɔ ƒoa nui, ale be weld ƒe ŋusẽ naɖiɖi wu ga si wotsɔ wɔa dɔe la tɔ, eye nuteɖeamedzia ɖea dzi ɖi le weld la me be woaƒo asa na gbagbãƒe siwo le teƒe si dzoxɔxɔ le; Ðe nuteɖeamedzi kple nuteɖeamedzi ƒe susu ƒe tsɔtsɔ ɖe nu ŋu ƒe ƒuƒoƒo dzi kpɔtɔ; Kpɔ dzoxɔxɔ ƒe dzoxɔxɔ si wotsɔ ƒoa ʋuƒo si wotsɔ ga wɔe la dzi, tia dzoxɔxɔ si do ŋgɔ na dzoxɔxɔ kple dzoxɔxɔ ƒe dzoxɔxɔ si sɔ, eye nàƒo asa na teƒe si woate ŋu awɔ dɔ le alesi nàte ŋui.
