A cikin labaran da suka gabata, mun tattauna sassan abubuwan da ke haifar da matakai na bakin karfe masu ɗaukar lahani mara nauyi. A yau, muna ci gaba da nuna sauran su.
6. Crater
Rana mai narkewa a ƙarshen Weld na Weld Karfe mai haske a cikin bututun ƙarfe ana kiran shi da Arc Crater. ARC Crater ba kawai ya raunana ƙarfin Weld a can ba, har ma yana samar da fasa Arc Crater saboda taro na ƙazanta.
Sanadin: Babban dalilin shine mazaunin lokaci na Arc na biyan kuɗi ya yi gajere; A halin yanzu ya yi girma sosai lokacin da yake welding faranti na bakin ciki.
Matakan rigakafin: Lokacin da yalwataccen Weldrode yake rufe, toho na lantarki ya kamata ya ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin jirgin ruwa na waje, sannan kuma ya kai ga wani gefen da zai kashe da karfe; Lokacin da Togneten Argon Arc Welding, dole ne a sami isasshen lokacin zauna lokaci kuma an kashe Arc bayan Weld ya cika.
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A lokacin da walding tsarkakakken bututun ƙarfe karfe, gas a cikin gidan motsa jiki ya kasa tserewa lokacin da ake kira shi da sauran alfarma ana kiranta pores. Laifi na gama gari shine lahani na yau da kullun, wanda za'a iya raba shi zuwa poronoruchornity na cikin gida da mamaki a waje a Weld. Stomoa zagaye, m, kwari-dimbin yawa, allura-mai siffa da m. Kasancewar pores ba kawai ya shafi daidaitawar Weld, amma kuma rage ingantaccen yanki na Weld kuma ka rage kayan aikin Weld.
Sanadin: Akwai mai, tsatsa, danshi da sauran datti a farfajiya da kuma tsinkayen tsabta bakin karfe mai welded bututu. A shafi na lantarki shine damp na lokacin walkiya kuma ba a bushe kafin ayi amfani da shi ba; ARC tana da tsayi ko kuma m busasshen ƙarfin kariya ba shi da kyau, iska tana mamakin tafkin tafkin; Welding na yanzu ya yi yawa, electrode ya zama ja, tsarin haɗin ya sauka da wuri, kuma tasirin kariya ya ɓace; Hanyar aiki ba ta da kyau, kamar yadda baka rufe aiki tayi sauri, kuma ARC ta yi fice da aikin haɗin gwiwa ba daidai ba, da sauransu yana da sauƙin samar da stomica, da sauransu.
Matakan rigakafin: Kafin waldi, cire mai, tsatsa, da danshi a tsakanin 20-30mm a garesu na tsagi; Gasa cikin tsananin aiki da zazzabi da lokacin da aka ƙayyade a cikin manzon lantarki; Daidai zaɓi sigogin aiki na walding yayi aiki daidai; Yi amfani da takaice Arc gwargwadon yiwuwar Welding, ginin ginin filin dole ne ya sami kayan aiki; Ba a yarda da anda ba tare da izini ba, kamar waldi storsion, lating cracking, peeling, wuce gona da iri, da sauransu.
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UNLUSUCHIGHECHIGHECHIONSEL DA Oxkes ya rage a cikin ƙarfe na Weld na samar da shi ta hanyar aikinta na yau da kullun. Slag songonsashe ne molten slag wanda ya kasance a Weld. Bakin karfe waldied bututun za a iya raba yadda za'a iya rarrabu ga nau'ikan biyu: tabo slag song da tsage slag sonbusions. Scarfafa karkatar da raunana sashin Weld, don haka rage kayan aikin kayan weld. Slag sonunusions shi ma yana iya haifar da taro mai wahala, wanda zai iya lalata tsarin walwal idan an ɗora shi. Sanadin: Mistayer slag ba shi da tsabta yayin aikin waldi; Welding na yanzu ya yi kyau sosai; saurin walding ya yi sauri sosai; aikin ba shi da kyau a lokacin waldi. Abubuwan sunadarai na kayan walda da kuma ƙarfe na tushe ba a daidaita shi da kyau;
Matakan rigakafin: Zabi wa electrodes tare da kyakkyawan yanayin cirewar; a hankali cire taterlay slag; mai hankali zaɓi SLEDING SPEDIND AIKI; daidaita kusurwar lantarki da jigilar kaya.
Lokacin zabar wani Hanyar samar da bututu mai welded , zaka iya la'akari da shigar da tsarin PTC na wayo. Tsarin Hangao (kayan masarufi na Seko) Plc tsarin ba zai iya kawai saka idanu kawai kan bayanan da aka sanya bututun da aka tsara ba a kowane lokaci.
9. Kona ta
A lokacin aiwatar da waldi, molten ƙarfe yana gudana daga baya na tsagi, kuma lahani na murfin bakin ƙarfe ana kiransa da aka kira ƙonewa mai wuya. Burn-ta hanyar shine ɗayan lahani na kowa a cikin Welding Arc.
Sanadin: babban walƙiyar welding, saurin saurin walda, wuce haddi na welded bututu; Babban ramin tsiro, mai kauri mai kauri; Talauci na Welder Welder, da sauransu.
Matakan rigakafin: Zabi tsarin aikin walding ɗin da ya dace da girman girman tsagi; inganta dabarun aikin Welder, da sauransu.
10. Fasa
Birge na tsabta bakin karfe masu haske bututun ruwa za'a iya raba su cikin fasa na sanyi, fashewar zafi da fasa sukan faru bisa ga zafin jiki da lokacin da suka faru; Ana iya rarraba su cikin fasa na dogon lokaci, fasahar trans, Weld Rock na fama da fasahar yanki, wanda ba kawai haifar da haɗari ba kawai.
(1) mai zafi crack
A lokacin aiwatar da waldi, da fasa welding suka samar ta hanyar waldi da karfe a yankin zafi kusa da yawan zafin jiki a kusa da layin daskararre. Rashin lahani ne wanda ba a yarda ya wanzu ba. Dangane da tsarin, kewayon zafin jiki da siffar welded bututun mai da zazzagewa, fasa-zazzabi na fasa-zafin ruwa da kuma manyan-zazzabi.
Dalili: Babban dalilin shine cewa melting point poutectic da impurities a cikin zina na moltten da rarrabuwa yayin aiwatar da damuwa da damuwa. Tare da iyakokin hatsi an cire, samar da fasa mai zafi. Farin zafi gaba daya faruwa a cikin bakin karfe bakin karfe, nickel alloy da aluminum reiny. Low-Carbon Karfe gaba ɗaya ba abu mai sauƙi ba ne samar da fasa zafi yayin waldi, amma kamar yadda abubuwan carbon na ƙarfe ke ƙaruwa, dabi'ar zafi kuma yana ƙaruwa. Matakan rigakafin: sarrafa abin da cutarwa m m kamar sulfur da phosphorus a cikin bututun karfe mai ban sha'awa, rage tsananin fasa; Daidaita abubuwan sunadarai na weld karfe, inganta tsarin Weel, sake inganta hatsi, rage filastik, rage ko watsa matsayin rarrabuwa. Yi amfani da kayan kwalliyar alkaline don rage abun cikin ƙazanta a cikin Weld da haɓaka digiri na rarrabuwa; Zaɓi sigogi na walda da ta dace, haɓaka hanyar Weld na Weld na Weldly. Yi amfani da farantin jigon iri ɗaya kamar ƙarfe, ko sannu a hankali ya kashe baka, kuma a cika jirgin saman da ya guji don guje wa fasahar da ke kan therar a kan dutsen.
(2) fasahar sanyi
Abubuwan da aka samar yayin da aka sanye da gunkin da aka sanyaya wa ƙananan zazzabi (don ƙarfe a ƙasa da M. zazzabi) ana kiranta fashewar sanyi. Cold colgs na iya bayyana nan da nan bayan waldi, ko kuma yana iya ɗaukar lokaci (sa'o'i, kwanaki ko ma ya fi tsayi. Wannan nau'in crack kuma ana iya kiran shi da jinkiri crack. babban haɗari.
Sanadin: Tsarin taurarin Martence ya kirkira, mai tsananin damuwa wanda ya haifar da babban dalilai na uku waɗanda ke haifar da fasa guda uku waɗanda ke haifar da fasahar ruwa.
Matakan rigakafin: Zabi kayan m-hydrogen waldi-hydrogen, kuma ya gasa su cikin tsananin umarni kafin amfani; Cire mai da danshi a kan walds kafin waldi, da rage abun ciki na hydrogen a Weld; Zaɓi sigogi na aiki mai ma'ana da kuma shigarwar zafi don rage girman wuyan weld na Weld; Ana aiwatar da maganin kawar da hydrogen nan da nan bayan waldi don sanya hydrogen ya tsere daga hadin gwiwa; Ga bakin ƙarfe mara nauyi tare da ɗimbin ƙarfin hali, preheating kafin waldi da magani mai zafi a cikin lokaci bayan waldi na iya inganta tsarin da ingancin haɗin gwiwa. Yi; dauki matakan fasaha daban-daban don rage wahalar waldi.
(3) REHEAT fasa
Bayan waldi, bututun ƙarfe mara nauyi yana zuwa cikin wasu kewayon zazzabi (Juyinar da zafi na zafi ko kuma ana kiransa da dumama) da fasa dumama) da fasa dumama) da fasa dumama) da fasa dumama) da fasa dumama) da fasa dumama) da fasa dumama
Sanadin: Graph fasa na yau da kullun faruwa a cikin ƙananan ƙarfe-wuta mai tsayayya da filaye, chromium, molybdenum, boronbdenum, boronbdenum, boron da sauran abubuwa masu kayatarwa. Bayan zagayowar sararin samaniya, da aka mai zafi zuwa yankin da m (550 ~ 650 ℃). Yawancin fasahar da aka samo asali ne a cikin m-grained yankin welding zafi-abin ya shafa. Yawancin fasahar reheat suna faruwa a cikin bututun ƙarfe na karfe da wuraren shakatawa na damuwa, da kuma fashewar reheat wani lokacin suna faruwa a walƙanci da yawa.
Matakan rigakafin: A kan farkon haɗuwa da abubuwan ƙirar ƙira, zaɓi ƙarfin ƙarancin kayan da yake ƙasa fiye da Weld don guje wa fasa don a kan yankin da ya shafa; Rage m yanayin damuwa da damuwa na damuwa; Kula da saman shigar da zafin jiki na welded bututun, mai hankali zaɓi preheating da zafi magani yadda zai yiwu.
